November 20 in History

Placed in Westminster Abbey where the Confessors bones had been removed

Edward Balliol takes the oath of feality as King of Scotland to Edward I

Edward Balliol takes the oath of feality as King of Scotland to Edward I

The Act of Attainder is passed charging the Yorkists with treason

Assumes control & opens Parliament where all Yorkist leaders are charged with treason

The Act of Attainder is passed charging the Yorkists with treason

The Act of Attainder is passed charging the Yorkists with treason

The Act of Attainder is passed charging the Yorkists with treason. Assumes control & opens Parliament where all Yorkist leaders are charged with treason

Appointed Chief Secretary of State

Elizabeth begins forming her first Privy Council

Appointed member of Elizabeth I's Council

Elizabeth appoints William Cecil as principal secretary

Appointed Lord Treasurer

On the accession of George I Carolines husband automatically became Duke of Cornwall, and was invested, shortly afterwards, as Prince of Wales, whereupon she became Princess of Wales

Discovery of documents in the Tuileries iron chest strengthened accusations that Louis XVI had secretly dealt with political opponents of the Revolution.

Appointed Lieutenant Colonel of the National Guard

Suchet was appointed lieutenant colonel of the National Guard.

Appointed Lieutenant Colonel of the National Guard

As a representitive of the Swiss Confederation declares Switzerlands neutrality

As a representitive of the Swiss Confederation declares Switzerlands neutrality

Russia joins the allied powers in imposing the second peace settlement on France after Waterloo.

Drafts an International resolution concerning Fenian prisoners and events in Manchester.

Appointed acting President of Venezuela

Withdraws Serbian formations toward the frontier after Slivnitsa.

Pursues retreating Serbian forces westward from Slivnitsa.

Desgrange is credited with founding the Tour de France in 1903 but the idea came from one of his journalists Geo Lefevre

The idea for a round stage race came from LAutos chief cycling journalist, 26-year-old Go Lefevre, he and the editor, Henri Desgrange then discussed it after lunch at what is now the TGI Friday bar in Montmartre in Paris.

who said he blurted out the idea because he felt under pressure to say something at a crisis meeting held at the newspapers headquarters at 10 rue faubourg Montmartre to resolve its poor circulation

This record states: All the major towns are begging for cycle races, and they are bound to go along with the idea."

This record states: Henri Desgrange then discussed it after lunch at what is now the TGI Friday bar in Montmartre in Paris.

This record states: Suggests "a several-day race, longer than anything now going on, something more on the order of a track six day race, only this time on the road.

This record states: The idea for a round stage race came from LAutos chief cycling journalist, 26-year-old George's Lefevre, he and the editor.

Hilbert submits a variational treatment of gravitational field equations during the final formulation of general relativity

20 November-3 December, heads the Russian armistice negotiations

Haig supports the surprise Cambrai attack combining tanks, artillery, infantry and air power.

Conducts reconnaissance around Deraa during northern operations of the Arab Revolt.

Moves south after release to avoid Bolshevik control.

Within hours the lightly defended Germans are forced back 6 km to Cambrai, the three trench systems of the Hindenburg Line pierced for the first time in the war

Within hours the lightly defended Germans are forced back 6 km to Cambrai, the three trench systems of the Hindenburg Line pierced for the first time in the war

Within hours the lightly defended Germans are forced back 6 km to Cambrai, the three trench systems of the Hindenburg Line pierced for the first time in the war

Appointed Prime Minister of Poland, 1st term

launched at dawn with all available tanks advancing across a 10 km front, 476 tanks are accompanied by six infantry and two cavalry divisions (to exploit any breakthrough), plus 1,000 guns & 14 newly formed squadrons of the Royal Flying Corps

Facing the British attack is the German Second Army led by Georg von der Marwitz

Within hours the lightly defended Germans are forced back 6 km to Cambrai, the three trench systems of the Hindenburg Line pierced for the first time in the war

Commands the 3rd Army during the Cambrai Offensive

Enters Charleroi

The Leon Delacroix Government ends in Brussels, concluding this period as head of the Belgian government.

Begins the Henri Carton de Wiart Government in Brussels and serves as Prime Minister of Belgium.

Appointed Prime Minister of Poland

The Second de Broqueville Government ends in Brussels, concluding this period as Prime Minister of Belgium.

Announces economic relief for depressed areas

Begins the Second Georges Theunis Government in Brussels and serves as Prime Minister of Belgium.

Seized by the Republicans & executed in Alicante

Hungary joins the Axis Powers

Signs the Tripartite Pact with Germany

Reviews British commitments in Egypt Greece and the Mediterranean.

Hungary joins the Tripartite Pact

Signs the Tripartite Pact with Germany

Signs the Tripartite Pact with Germany

Kleists Panzers seize a bridge over the Don, the last barrier before the Caucasus. Crooses the Don but is forced back by Timoshenko

Kleists Panzers seize a bridge over the Don but are forced back by Timoshenko

Kleists Panzers seize a bridge over the Don, the last barrier before the Caucasus. Crooses the Don but is forced back by Timoshenko

Kleists Panzers seize a bridge over the Don but are forced back by Timoshenko

Eighth Army enters Benghazi as Montgomery sustains pressure on the retreating Axis army.

Commands the Eighth Army in the recapture of Benghazi

Commands the Eighth Army in the recapture of Benghazi

Jodl appears before the International Military Tribunal as the main Nuremberg trial begins.

Acts as Prince Philips best man

Marries Philip Mountbatten, Duke of Edinburgh, formerly Prince of Greece & Denmark

Gives Elizabeth away to the Duke of Edinburgh at Westminster Abbey

Marries Elizabeth II

Makes Philip the Duke of Edinburgh prior to his wedding to Elizabeth

Hammarskjold asks the General Assembly for authority to negotiate arrangements for clearing the canal.

Five days after leaving the hospital, Lee's squadron embarked for military maneuvers in the Philippine Islands.

The Emil Jonsson Government ends, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Iceland.

Takes Britain into EFTA

Begins the Fifth Olafur Thors Government and serves as Prime Minister of Iceland.

J. N. Chaudhuri assumes leadership of the Indian Army during the final days of the 1962 conflict.

Chinese forces consolidate control over Aksai Chin before announcing a unilateral ceasefire.

Kennedy ordered the naval quarantine lifted after agreement on removal of the Soviet IL-28 bombers.

Khrushchev accepted removal of the IL-28 bombers, clearing the principal remaining obstacle to ending the American quarantine.

McNamara oversaw the military transition from quarantine operations after the remaining Soviet IL-28 bombers were scheduled for withdrawal.

Mikoyan's negotiations helped manage the final stages of Soviet withdrawal as the United States prepared to end the quarantine.

Ruby telephoned an American Guild of Variety Artists representative in Chicago on November 20 to complain about competitors' striptease contests and amateur performances.

Approves action against North Vietnam by CIA supported South Vietnamese forces

Operation Plan 34A is announced at the Honolulu Conference. Approves action against North Vietnam by CIA supported South Vietnamese forces

Security Council Resolution 217 condemns Rhodesia's illegal authority and calls for no diplomatic or economic relations.

Pilots Yankee Clipper during rendezvous and docking with Intrepid after the lunar surface mission.

Leaves the Moon with Conrad aboard Intrepid's ascent stage after two surface excursions.

Commands Intrepid's ascent stage as it leaves the Moon for rendezvous with Yankee Clipper.

Pilots Yankee Clipper during rendezvous and docking with Intrepid after the surface mission.

Conducts a multispectral photographic survey of the lunar surface from Yankee Clipper.

Leads the second lunar excursion, collecting samples and visiting Surveyor 3.

Helps remove selected components from Surveyor 3 for return to Earth and laboratory study.

Removes selected parts from Surveyor 3 for return to Earth and study of long-term lunar exposure.

Reaches Surveyor 3 with Conrad during the second moonwalk and examines the robotic spacecraft.

Visits Surveyor 3 during Apollo 12 surface operations.

Elizabeth II celebrates 25yrs of marriage to Prince Phillip in Westminster Abbey

Elizabeth II celebrates 25yrs of marriage to Prince Phillip in Westminster Abbey

Mick Jagger sings on Carly Simon's "You're so Vain"

Collapses during a concert at the Cow Palace.

Addresses the Israeli parliament and calls for a comprehensive peace settlement.

Supports government coordination during the operation to restore the mosque.

Directs the state response to the seizure of the Grand Mosque.

Olaf Palme begins a peace shuttle between Tehran & Baghdad

The Government begins the public share sale transferring British Telecom into private ownership.

British Telecom is floated on the stock exchange

Initiates a review of the Iran Contra Affair on the orders of President Reagan

Takes his seat in the House of Lords as Baron Jenkins of Hillhead.

Releases the Storyteller anthology, summarising his first two decades of major recordings.

In the first Conservative leadership ballot Thatcher receives 204 votes and Heseltine 152, forcing a second ballot under the party rules.

Wins a majority of the party, over 187, but 4 short of stopping a 2nd ballot. Wins 204 votes to Michael Heseltines 152 in the party leadership election. Conservative leadership 1st ballot, Thatcher 204, Heseltine 152 & 16 abstentions

Anounces live on TV she will go forward to the 2nd ballot

Wins 204 votes to Michael Heseltine's 152 in the first leadership ballot but does not achieve the margin required to avoid a second ballot.

Wins 204 votes to Michael Heseltines 152 in the party leadership election

Remains Prime Minister after the first ballot while the Conservative leadership contest proceeds to a second round.

Vacaroiu forms a government after the 1992 parliamentary election.

The "Grande Louvre" is opened, 200 yrs after the Louvre is 1st opened to the public

The Government signs a peace Treaty with UNITA aiming to end the 19 year civil war

The Government signs a peace Treaty with UNITA aiming to end the 19 year civil war

Does not attend the signing of the peace

The Government signs a peace Treaty with UNITA aiming to end the 19 year civil war

The Government signs a peace Treaty with UNITA aiming to end the 19 year civil war

Clinton welcomes Saddam Husseins decision to back down and allow United Nations inspectors to resume search for weapons of mass destruction

Clinton welcomes Saddam Husseins decision to back down and allow United Nations inspectors to resume search for weapons of mass destruction

Silas Atopare becomes Governor-General of Papua New Guinea

Clinton welcomes Saddam Hussein's decision to back down and allow United Nations inspectors to resume search for weapons of mass destruction

Clinton welcomes Saddam Hussein's decision to back down and allow United Nations inspectors to resume search for weapons of mass destruction

Bill Skate serves as acting Governor-General after Silas Atopare

Gives himself up to police over allegations of child abuse

Wins a High Court Injunction banning publication of photos of royal apartments

An article published in the Guardian alleged that Richard Perle, a senior member of the administrations Defence Policy Board Advisery Committee, conceded that the invasion was illegal but still justified

An article published in the Guardian alleged that Richard Perle, a senior member of the administrations Defence Policy Board Advisery Committee, conceded that the invasion was illegal but still justified

Works with Giles Martin on Love, remixing Beatles recordings for the Cirque du Soleil project.

Freddie Mac announces largest quarterly loss to date as it unveils $4.8 billion bad debts and writedowns

Freddie Mac announces largest quarterly loss to date as it unveils $4.8 billion bad debts and writedowns

Commands M23 forces during their seizure of Goma, the capital of North Kivu.

Milorad Dodik becomes Serb member of the Presidency

Sefik Dzaferovic becomes Bosniak member of the Presidency

Is appointed Tottenham Hotspur head coach following Mauricio Pochettino's departure.

al-Rifai participates in peace negotiations connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.

Tokayev wins early presidential election for a seven-year term

Goita dismisses Prime Minister Choguel Maiga after criticism of delayed elections.

Birth of Mary of Guise, daughter of Claude, Duke of Guise

Birth of Fateh Ali Tippu, also known as the Tiger of Mysore.

Birth of Friedrich-Werner Graf von der Schulenburg

Birth of Edwin Powell Hubble

Birth of Earling Carothers "Jim" Garrison

Birth of Joe Walsh, later Eagles guitarist after success with the James Gang and solo work.

Edmund was killed during the Danish conquest of East Anglia and later venerated as a royal martyr.

Death of Christopher Hatton

Death of Caroline of Ansbach, dies from complications following a rupture of the womb

Dukhonin is killed by soldiers at army headquarters after Krylenko arrives to assume command.

seized by the Republicans & executed in Alicante

Death of Francisco Franco

Death of Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Franco

Former Rhodesian Prime Minister Ian Smith dies in South Africa.

Augustus II loses strategic momentum after Charles XII destroys the Russian army at Narva.

Admiral Hawkes first fleet destroys the French invasion fleet under Admiral Conflans

Admiral Hawkes first fleet destroys the French invasion fleet under Admiral Conflans

In Britain news of the initial spectacular breakthrough served to greatly enhance Byngs reputation; and it resulted in the ringing of church bells in Britain for the first time during the war. During the battle casualties were high, the Germans suffered losses of approximately 50,000 and the British 45,000

Leads 380 tanks in the 1st large scale mobilization of the tank

& 14 newly formed squadrons of the Royal Flying Corps.

A forerunner of the blitzkrieg tactics employed to great effect by the German army during the Second World War, the attack is not preceded by a preliminary bombardment, helping to ensure complete surprise

Demonstrates the potential of the tank. Commands the 3rd Army during the Cambrai Offensive.

Lieutenant Colonel John Fuller recommended wide-scale use of tanks on the dry battlefield sited between the Canal du Nord and the St.

Quentin Canal, the proposal is taken up by Julian Byng, Commander on the ground. launched at dawn with all available tanks advancing across a 10 km front, 476 tanks are accompanied by six infantry and two cavalry divisions (to exploit any breakthrough), plus 1,000 guns

Within hours the lightly defended Germans are forced back 6 km to Cambrai, the three trench systems of the Hindenburg Line pierced for the first time in the war. Lieutenant Colonel John Fuller recommended wide-scale use of tanks on the dry battlefield sited between the Canal du Nord and the St. Quentin Canal, the proposal is taken up by Julian Byng, Commander on the ground

German reinforcements stop the Allied advance to Cambrai & regain lost land by Nov 30. 6 KM are gained

A surprise British tank attack.

During the battle casualties were high, the Germans suffered losses of approximately 50,000 and the British 45,000.

Orders an immediate counter-attack only to discover that reserves could not be brought forward for a further two days, at one stage he even contemplates a general withdrawal from the Cambrai front.

Within hours the lightly defended Germans are forced back 6 km to Cambrai, the three trench systems of the Hindenburg Line pierced for the first time in the war.

20 divisions are deployed during the German counter-attack, the so-called Hutier infiltration tactics (named after the German commander who had first deployed them, Oskar von Hutier), within a week virtually all lost ground had been reclaimed

During the battle casualties were high, the Germans suffered losses of approximately 50,000 and the British 45,000.

In pressing home wave after wave of German counterattacks, starting 20 November, he worked to recover all ground lost to the British. Facing the British attack is the German Second Army led by Georg von der Marwitz.

Within hours the lightly defended Germans are forced back 6 km to Cambrai, the three trench systems of the Hindenburg Line pierced for the first time in the war.

The French establish a garison in order to tempt the Viet Minh into battle

Crowned King of England