Marriage
Marries Sanchia of Provence, daughter of Raimond-Berengar V de Provence
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On this date in world history
November 23 in History
This permanent archive page contains 187 World History Database records for November 23, spanning 955 to 2023. Recorded topics include Death of Eadred; Marriage; Lieutenant of Ireland.
Total: 187Events: 168Births: 2Deaths: 4Battles: 13Countries: 29
Events on November 23
Lieutenant of Ireland
Edward II appointed Mortimer warden and lieutenant of Ireland with extensive powers against Edward Bruce.
Assassination of Louis
Orleans is assassinated by Burgundy while under Charles protection. Burgundy is pardoned because Orleans had been involved in a plot to overthrow the King
Coup
Burgundy is pardoned because Orleans had been involved in a plot to overthrow the King
Austrian Succession
Inherits disputed Austrian authority after Ladislaus Posthumous dies.
Execution
The pretender to the throne is hanged in the Tower of London
Execution of Perkin Warbeck
Perkin Warbeck is executed at Tyburn after years of challenging Henry VII's claim to the throne.
Capture of Milan
Captures Milan
Arrest of Elizabeth Barton
Elizabeth Barton, the "Holy Maid of Kent", is arrested for treason
Treason
Elizabeth Barton, the "Holy Maid of Kent", is arrested for treason
Parliament
Opening of Henry VIIIs 9th Parliament
Speaker of the House of Commons
Chosen Speaker of the House of Commons in the Parliament of 1584
Night of Fire
Pascal experiences an intense religious conversion recorded in his Memorial.
Siege of Berlin
Frederick II the Great defeats Charles of Lorraines Austrian Army
Patriote Victory at Saint-Denis
Wins the principal Patriote battlefield victory of the Lower Canada Rebellion.
Unification
Germany is united under a single Confederation
Election
Wins the election but dependent on Irish support
Government
Wins the election but dependent on Irish support
President of Brazil
Appointed President of Brazil
President of Brazil
Appointed President of Brazil after the resignation of Deodoro da Fonseca
Action at Geelhoutboom
Maygar rides into danger to help a dismounted soldier escape an attempted Boer encirclement and later receives the Victoria Cross.
Army and Navy Commission Policy Reviewed
Churchill answers parliamentary questions concerning wartime commissions between the armed services.
Chilean Coast Defeat Explained to Commons
Churchill addresses questions concerning the destruction of Cradock's squadron off the Chilean coast.
Naval and Marine Brigades Statement
Answers Commons questions about the service and condition of Royal Naval and Marine brigades.
Capture of Germany
German, Austro-Hungarian and Bulgarian forces push the Serbian army into exile; Serbia falls
Coalition Breakdown
Is forced to resign after the Social Democrats leave the coalition.
Resignation of Gustav Stressman
Forced to resign after the Social Democrats leave the coalition
Russian Emigre Movement
Kerensky participates in russian emigre movement during his political career.
Demonstrations
Requests 2,000 troops to control the Saarland
Referendum
Requests 2,000 troops to control the Saarland. Fears the Germans will use the strategy used in Austria when Dolfuss was assassinated
Alliance Adolf Hitler and Axis Powers
Romania joins the Axis Powers
Pact between Germany, Italy, Japan and Romania
Romania joins the Tripartite Pact
Capture of Skoping
Nehring personally leads the 18th Division in its capture of Skoping
Commander of Eighteenth Army
Appointed Commander of the 8th Army in New Guinea
Commander of Eighteenth Army
Appointed Commander of the 8th Army in New Guinea
El Agheila Position Reached
Eighth Army reaches the El Agheila region after the rapid advance across Cyrenaica.
Sixth Army
Hitler orders the 6th Army to hold their position
Sixth Army
The 300,000 force of the German 6th Army is encircled
Cairo Plenary Meeting
Meets Roosevelt and Churchill in a plenary session at Cairo to discuss Allied operations against Japan and postwar arrangements in Asia.
Requests Soviet Port City Venue
Again asks that the conference be held in one of the Soviet Union's Black Sea port cities.
Bombing of Haiphong
Negotiations with the Vietminh break down at Fontainbleau & bombing resumes
Negotiations
Negotiations with the Vietminh break down & the bombing of Haiphong begins
Siege of Hai Phong
The French cruiser Suffren shells Hai Phong. General Valluy gives the Viet Minh a 2 hr ultimatum to leave Hai Phong which expires
Armistice
Both sides agree to a cease-fire along a demarcation line
Commonwealth
Embarks on a tour of the Commonwealth with Prince Philip
Embarks on a tour of the Commonwealth with Prince Philip
Embarks on a tour of the Commonwealth with Prince Philip
Jamaica Rest
Leaves Britain for rest in Jamaica as his health and political position deteriorate
Jamaica Rest
Leaves for Jamaica as his health and authority deteriorate after Suez
Treaty of Rome
Italy becomes the first signatory state to deposit its instrument of ratification with the Italian government.
Treaty of Rome
Zoli heads the Italian government when Italy deposits its instrument of ratification for the Rome Treaties.
Assassination of Jefferson Davis Tippit
Witness to the assassination of Tippit by Lee Harvey Oswald
Assassination of Jefferson Davis Tippit
Acquilla Clemons lived on the north side of Tenth Street in Dallas, Clemons was sitting on the porch of her house when she saw Officer J. D. Tippit killed.
Assassination of Jefferson Davis Tippit
Testifies that the Tippit gunman was a "short guy and kind of heavy", the other man was tall and thin in khaki trousers and a white shirt.
Assassination of Jefferson Davis Tippit
the Dallas Police warned her not to repeat this story to others or "she might get hurt".
Assassination of Jefferson Davis Tippit
Barbara Jeanette Davis and her sister-in-law Virginia Davis heard the shots that killed Tippit and see the Oswald crossing their lawn and shaking a revolver as if he were emptying it of cartridge cases
Assassination of Jefferson Davis Tippit
Markham identifies Lee Harvey Oswald as Tippits killer in a police lineup. Helen Markham at first describes Tippits killer as being short and somewhat on the heavy side, with slightly bushy hair". Although considered the star witness, her testimony was full of mistakes, she said Tippit was alive when the ambulance arrived, but the other witnesses say he died immediately
Assassination of Jefferson Davis Tippit
Warren Reynolds did not see the Tippit shooting but saw the gunman running from the scene of the crime, he claimed that the man was not Oswald
Assassination of Jefferson Davis Tippit
Witness to the assassination of Officer Tippit. Identifies Oswald at the lineup for killing Officer Tippit
Assassination of Jefferson Davis Tippit
As he reached the front wheel on the drivers side, Oswald drew a revolver and fired several shots in rapid succession, hitting Tippit three times in the chest. then walked up to Tippits body and shot him directly in the head, killing him instantly
Assassination of Jefferson Davis Tippit
At 12:45 p.m., 15 minutes after the assassination, Tippit received an order by radio to proceed to the central Oak Cliff area as part of a concentration of patrol car activity around the centre of the city.
Assassination of Jefferson Davis Tippit
At 1:11-1:14 p.m.Tippit was driving slowly in an easterly direction on East 10th Street in Oak Cliff. About 100 feet (30 m) past the intersection of 10th Street and Patton Avenue, Tippit pulled up alongside Oswald, who was walking in the same direction.
Assassination of Jefferson Davis Tippit
Police officer with the Dallas, Texas Police Department who, according to witnesses and Government investigations including the Warren Commission, was shot and killed by Lee Harvey Oswald after Tippit stopped Oswald following the Kennedy assassination.
Assassination of Jefferson Davis Tippit
Frank Wright claims that Tippit was shot by two men
Assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy
Police radio a description of Oswald based on Brennans description. Claims the 1st shot was when Kennedys car turned from Houston onto Elm. Brennan gives a description of the assassin which was broadcast to all Dallas police at 12:45 p.m., 12:48 p.m., and 12:55 p.m
Assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy
Claims the 1st shot was when Kennedys car turned from Houston onto Elm
Assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy
Driver of Kennedys limousine
Assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy
Claims the 1st shot was when Kennedys car turned from Houston onto Elm
Assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy
Claims the 1st shot was when Kennedys car turned from Houston onto Elm
Assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy
Claims the 1st shot was when Kennedys car turned from Houston onto Elm
Assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy
James Tague, a spectator and witness to the assassination, recieves a minor wound to his right cheek while standing 270 feet (82 m) in front of where Kennedy is shot
Assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy
It is decided that Kennedy and his party, including his wife, Jacqueline Kennedy, Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, Governor John Connally and Ralph Yarborough, would travel in a procession of cars through the business district of Dallas
Backyard Photograph Confrontation
Fritz showed Oswald a photograph recovered under search warrant depicting him holding a rifle and pistol; Oswald claimed the image had been altered.
Backyard Photographs Recovered
Rose and fellow officers recovered photographs showing Oswald holding a rifle and pistol among the effects examined under the search warrant.
Bethesda Burial Preparation Completed
Preparation of President Kennedy's body for burial was completed at approximately 4 a.m. on November 23.
Bethesda Departure for White House
After the burial preparation was completed, President Kennedy's body left Bethesda for the White House East Room.
Bethesda Malcolm Perry Telephone Call
Early on November 23, Humes telephoned Dr. Malcolm Perry and learned that Perry had used the existing throat wound for the tracheotomy incision.
Bethesda Parkland Tracheotomy Inquiry
Humes sought confirmation from Parkland Hospital that a tracheotomy had been performed through the wound on the front of Kennedy's neck.
Bethesda Throat Exit Confirmation
Perry's information confirmed Humes's conclusion that the neck bullet had exited through the front of Kennedy's throat.
Bus Journey Reconstructed
Fritz questioned Oswald about leaving downtown by bus and examined the bus transfer found among his possessions.
Curtain Rod Account Challenged
Fritz challenged Oswald about Buell Wesley Frazier's statement that Oswald had explained his unusual Thursday trip to Irving by mentioning curtain rods.
Dallas Times-Herald Visit
Around 4 a.m., Ruby visited the Dallas Times-Herald composing room, discussed seeing Oswald at the press conference, and spoke about closing his clubs.
David Johnston Introduction
Ruby introduced himself to Justice of the Peace David L. Johnston after the press conference and gave Johnston a Carousel Club business card.
Dealey Plaza Visit
Ruby said he visited Dealey Plaza on November 23, viewed memorial wreaths, and spoke with a police officer about the Texas School Book Depository.
East Room Lying in Repose
President Kennedy's casket lay in repose in the White House East Room while Jacqueline Kennedy and the family observed private mourning rites.
Fair Play for Cuba Correction
During the Oswald press conference, Ruby joined reporters in correcting District Attorney Henry Wade when Wade mistakenly referred to the "Free Cuba Committee."
FBI Impersonation Memorandum
An FBI memorandum raises the possibility that someone other than Oswald contacted the Soviet Embassy in Mexico City after agents question the identification.
Fingernail and Hair Samples Collected
With Oswald's consent, Dallas Police identification personnel collected fingernail scrapings and hair specimens for possible forensic comparison.
Free Cuba Committee Correction
At Oswald's press appearance, Ruby corrected District Attorney Henry Wade when Wade mistakenly referred to the Fair Play for Cuba Committee as the Free Cuba Committee.
Funeral Arrangement Notes
Jacqueline Kennedy prepared handwritten notes on funeral arrangements that are preserved in the Kennedy Library's assassination collections.
Galveston Visit
Ferrie and his companions traveled from Houston to Galveston on November 23 during the Texas trip that investigators later examined.
Grassy Knoll
At the moment of the assassination, Bowers was operating the Union Terminal Companys two-story interlocking tower, overlooking the parking lot just north of the grassy knoll and west of the Texas School Book Depository.
Grassy Knoll
has an unobstructed view of the rear of the concrete pergola and the stockade fence at the top of the grassy knoll.
Grassy Knoll
Lee Bowers, a railroad switchman sitting in two-story tower has an unobstructed view of the rear of the stockade fence atop the grassy knoll during the shooting.
Grassy Knoll
Ochus Campbell, the vicepresident of the Texas School Book Depository Company, was standing with Roy Truly on the north side of Elm Street, about 30 feet from the front entrance to the Texas School Book Depository. Campbell says he ran toward a grassy knoll to the west of the building, where he thought the sniper had hidden
Henry Wade Introduction
After the press conference, Ruby approached District Attorney Henry Wade, identified himself, and reminded Wade that he operated the Vegas Club.
Henry Wade Radio Interview
Ruby helped KLIF obtain a telephone interview with District Attorney Henry Wade by locating Wade at police headquarters and bringing him to the telephone.
Heroism Radio Script
After leaving KLIF, Ruby showed reporter Russ Knight a "Life Line" radio script titled "Heroism" and discussed political hostility toward President Kennedy in Dallas.
Irving Property Inventory Prepared
Stovall's team documented property taken from the Paine garage, including photographs, film, correspondence, books, and other papers connected with Oswald.
Jack Martin Allegation
Jack Martin told the New Orleans District Attorney's office that former Eastern Airlines pilot David Ferrie might have aided Lee Harvey Oswald in the assassination.
John Abt Lawyer Request
While in custody, Oswald sought New York attorney John Abt to represent him and declined an immediate Dallas Bar Association offer of counsel.
Kay Coleman and Harry Olsen
Early on November 23, Ruby spent about an hour talking with dancer Kay Helen Coleman and Dallas police officer Harry Olsen about the assassination.
Lincoln Funeral Precedent
Mrs. Kennedy looked to Abraham Lincoln's funeral for precedent when shaping the ceremonial arrangements for President Kennedy's state funeral.
Long Package Account Challenged
Fritz questioned Oswald about the long package seen by Frazier and Linnie Mae Randle; Oswald denied carrying such a package to work.
Mexico and Cuba Questions
Fritz's interrogation covered Oswald's political associations and foreign travel as investigators examined his recent Mexico City contacts.
Oswald Press Conference
Around midnight, Ruby attended the Dallas police press conference where Lee Harvey Oswald briefly appeared before reporters and television cameras.
Paine Garage Warrant Search
Stovall participated in the warrant search of Oswald's stored effects in the Paine garage as investigators sought additional physical and documentary evidence.
Paine Search Warrant Obtained
Moore joined Stovall and Rose in obtaining a search warrant for Oswald's effects stored at the Paine residence in Irving.
Post Office Box Inquiry
Ruby visited a post office seeking the identity of the person renting a box listed on an "Impeach Earl Warren" billboard, but an employee refused to provide the information.
Return to White House
After the overnight medical examination at Bethesda, Mrs. Kennedy returned to the White House as preparations for the state funeral continued.
Rifle Ownership Confrontation
Fritz confronted Oswald with information linking him to a rifle purchased under the Hidell name; Oswald continued denying ownership of the weapon.
Saturday Evening Interrogation Session
Police brought Oswald back to Fritz's office for an evening interrogation that included renewed questioning about the rifle photographs and related evidence.
Saturday Interrogations
Investigators questioned Oswald during three interrogation sessions on November 23, totaling about three hours.
Scoggins Lineup Identification
William Scoggins viewed a police lineup on November 23 and identified Oswald as the man he had seen near the Tippit shooting.
Sols Turf Bar
At Sol's Turf Bar, Ruby argued about Dallas and the assassination and displayed photographs of the "Impeach Earl Warren" billboard he had investigated.
State Funeral Planning
Jacqueline Kennedy took an active role in planning the state funeral, drawing on historical precedent and ceremonial traditions.
Taxicab Journey Admitted
When Fritz asked about a taxi, Oswald acknowledged leaving the stalled bus, taking a cab toward Oak Cliff, and paying an eighty-five-cent fare.
Texas School Book Depository
At the moment of the assassination, Bowers was operating the Union Terminal Companys two-story interlocking tower, overlooking the parking lot just north of the grassy knoll and west of the Texas School Book Depository, has an unobstructed view of the rear of the concrete pergola and the stockade fence at the top of the grassy knoll
Texas School Book Depository
Ochus Campbell, the vicepresident of the Texas School Book Depository Company, was standing with Roy Truly on the north side of Elm Street, about 30 feet from the front entrance to the Texas School Book Depository. Campbell says he ran toward a grassy knoll to the west of the building, where he thought the sniper had hidden
Texas School Book Depository
Claims to have heard three gunshots come from directly over their head in the Texas School Book Depository Building , and that plaster dust fell from the ceiling
Texas School Book Depository
Claims to have heard three gunshots come from directly over their head in the Texas School Book Depository Building , and that plaster dust fell from the ceiling
Triple Underpass
and one or two uniformed parking lot attendants.
Triple Underpass
At the moment of the assassination Bowers was operating the Union Terminal Companys two-story interlocking tower overlooking the parking lot just north of the grassy knoll and west of the Texas School Book Depository
Triple Underpass
has an unobstructed view of the rear of the concrete pergola and the stockade fence at the top of the grassy knoll
Triple Underpass
Sees four men between his tower and Elm Street a middle-aged man and a younger man standing 10 to 15 feet apart near the Triple Underpass who did not seem to know each other
Medal
Posthumously awarded the Medal of Valor from the National Police Hall of Fame and also received the Police Medal of Honor, the Police Cross, and the Citizens Traffic Commission Award of Heroism
Warren Commission
All of the commission's records are transferred on November 23 to the National Archives. The unpublished portion of those records was initially sealed for 75 years (to 2039) under a general National Archives policy that applied to all federal investigations by the executive branch of Government, a period "intended to
Warren Commission
serve as protection for innocent persons who could otherwise be damaged because of their relationship with participants in the case
Zapruder Film
One of the largest individual gifts to the Tippit family is the $25,000 ($152,000 in 2006) that Abraham Zapruder donated after selling his film of the assassination
Zapruder Film
One of the largest individual gifts to the Tippit family is the $25,000 ($152,000 in 2006) that Abraham Zapruder donated after selling his film of the assassination
Mobilization
Cables Washington requesting 200,000 more troops in 1966
My Sweet Lord
Releases the single, "My Sweet Lord"
First Summit with Gerald Ford
Meets United States President Gerald Ford for the first time at Vladivostok.
Nuclear Power
President Gerald Ford and General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev sign the Vladivostok Accord, which establishes a framework for future Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT II) between the United States and the Soviet Union
SALT
President Gerald Ford and General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev sign the Vladivostok Accord, which establishes a framework for future Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT II) between the United States and the Soviet Union
Vladivostok Accord
President Gerald Ford and General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev sign the Vladivostok Accord, which establishes a framework for future Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT II) between the United States and the Soviet Union
Independence of Angola
The FNLA and UNITA forge an alliance proclaiming their own coalition Government based in Huambo with Holden Roberto and Jonas Savimbi as co-presidents and Jose Ndele and Johnny Pinnock Eduardo as co-Prime Minister's
Independence of Angola
The FNLA and UNITA forge an alliance proclaiming their own coalition Government based in Huambo with Holden Roberto and Jonas Savimbi as co-presidents and Jose Ndele and Johnny Pinnock Eduardo as co-Prime Minister's
Independence of Angola
The FNLA and UNITA forge an alliance proclaiming their own coalition Government based in Huambo with Holden Roberto and Jonas Savimbi as co-presidents and Jose Ndele and Johnny Pinnock Eduardo as co-Prime Minister's
Independence of Angola
The FNLA and UNITA forge an alliance proclaiming their own coalition Government based in Huambo with Holden Roberto and Jonas Savimbi as co-presidents and Jose Ndele and Johnny Pinnock Eduardo as co-Prime Minister's
National Liberation Front of Angola (FNLA)
The FNLA and UNITA forge an alliance proclaiming their own coalition Government based in Huambo with Holden Roberto and Jonas Savimbi as co-presidents and Jose Ndele and Johnny Pinnock Eduardo as co-Prime Minister's
National Liberation Front of Angola (FNLA)
The FNLA and UNITA forge an alliance proclaiming their own coalition Government based in Huambo with Holden Roberto and Jonas Savimbi as co-presidents and Jose Ndele and Johnny Pinnock Eduardo as co-Prime Minister's
National Liberation Front of Angola (FNLA)
The FNLA and UNITA forge an alliance proclaiming their own coalition Government based in Huambo with Holden Roberto and Jonas Savimbi as co-presidents and Jose Ndele and Johnny Pinnock Eduardo as co-Prime Minister's
National Liberation Front of Angola (FNLA)
The FNLA and UNITA forge an alliance proclaiming their own coalition Government based in Huambo with Holden Roberto and Jonas Savimbi as co-presidents and Jose Ndele and Johnny Pinnock Eduardo as co-Prime Minister's
UNITA
The FNLA and UNITA forge an alliance proclaiming their own coalition Government based in Huambo with Holden Roberto and Jonas Savimbi as co-presidents and Jose Ndele and Johnny Pinnock Eduardo as co-Prime Minister's
UNITA
The FNLA and UNITA forge an alliance proclaiming their own coalition Government based in Huambo with Holden Roberto and Jonas Savimbi as co-presidents and Jose Ndele and Johnny Pinnock Eduardo as co-Prime Minister's
UNITA
The FNLA and UNITA forge an alliance proclaiming their own coalition Government based in Huambo with Holden Roberto and Jonas Savimbi as co-presidents and Jose Ndele and Johnny Pinnock Eduardo as co-Prime Minister's
UNITA
The FNLA and UNITA forge an alliance proclaiming their own coalition Government based in Huambo with Holden Roberto and Jonas Savimbi as co-presidents and Jose Ndele and Johnny Pinnock Eduardo as co-Prime Minister's
Conference of Geneva
Russia breaks off talks with the US on medium range missiles
Minister of National Defence
Papoulias is appointed Alternate Minister for National Defence.
Treaty of Maastricht
Heads Ireland when its completed Maastricht ratification is formally notified to the Italian Government.
Economy of Chad
It is reported that $4 million of a $25 million bonus payment from the new oil project was used by the Chad Government to buy weapons
European Court Property Judgment
The European Court of Human Rights finds that Greece violated property rights by transferring former royal property to the state without compensation.
State of Emergency
Gyanendra declares state of emergency, Government declares Maoists "terrorist organisation"
Prime Minister of Pakistan
Zafarullah Khan Jamali becomes Prime Minister after the general election.
Citigroup Rescue
Citigroup receives federal capital support and protection against losses on selected assets.
Yeonpyeong Shelling
North Korea shells Yeonpyeong Island.
Acting Presidential Authority
Assumes presidential responsibilities under the GCC transition agreement.
GCC Transfer Agreement Signed
Signs the Gulf Cooperation Council transition agreement.
Presidential Powers Transferred
Agrees to transfer presidential powers to his deputy.
Saleh Transfer Agreement Backed
Backs the GCC initiative for a peaceful Yemeni transition.
Transition Powers Assumed
Prepares Yemen for a transitional presidential election.
Yemen Political Transition Support
Supports the negotiated transfer of power from Saleh.
Presidential Election, First Round
Tunisia held the first round of its first competitive direct presidential election after the revolution.
In the Fade
Directs In the Fade.
Tottenham Managerial Debut
Begins his Tottenham tenure with a 3-2 Premier League victory at West Ham United.
Peace Negotiations
ibn Shaker participates in peace negotiations connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.
World Cup Winning Goal Against Canada
Scores the only goal as Belgium defeat Canada in their opening World Cup match.
President of Ecuador
Appointed President of Ecuador after the 2023 snap election
Births on November 23
Birth of Julien Offray de La Mettrie
Julien Offray de La Mettrie is born at Saint-Malo in Brittany.
Birth of Johannes Diderik van der Waals
Birth of Johannes Diderik van der Waals
Deaths on November 23
Death of Eadred
Death of Edred
Death of Charles VI
Death of Orleans, assasinated. Burgundy is pardoned because Orleans had been involved in a plot to overthrow the King
Death of Ladislaus
His death opens Austrian and Bohemian succession disputes.
Death of Perkin Warbeck
The pretender to the throne is hanged in the Tower of London
Battles on November 23
Battle of Hennersdorf
Frederick II the Great defeats Charles of Lorraines Austrian Army
Battle of Loano
Andre Massena fought in the French victory at Loano as the Army of Italy broke Austrian and Sardinian positions on the Ligurian coast.
Battle of Tudela
Retreats from the Iberian Peninsular after the Spanish are defeated by Napoleon
Battle of Tudela
Takes command of the army in Spain & defeats the Spanish
Battle of Tudela
Napoleon defeats a Spanish force
Battle of Saint-Denis
Leads Patriote defenders who repel British regular troops at Saint-Denis.
Battle of Belmont
Methuen defeats Boer positions at Belmont during the advance intended to relieve Kimberley.
Battle of Willow Grange
Joubert's Boer forces repel the British attack at Willow Grange before ending their advance into southern Natal.
Battle of Willow Grange
Kitchener commands the British force that attacks Boer positions at Willow Grange and is forced to withdraw.
Battle of Stalingrad
The Stalingrad fronts link up, 330,000 Germans are encircled. Hitler orders the 6th Army to hold their position
Battle of Stalingrad
The south west & Stalingrad fronts link up, 330,000 Germans are encircled. Hitler orders "Where the German Soldier sets his foot, there he remains"
Battle of Stalingrad
Zhukov begins attacking the German 5th Army & 4th Panzer Army in the rear. The 300,000 force of the German 6th Army is encircled
Na San Battle
Attacks the French fortified camp at Na San