October 19 in History

Death of John, poisoned by his own supporters

Claims the German crown against Louis IV of Bavaria.

Elected King of the Romans by part of the electoral college.

Arrests Mortimer in the Queen Mothers Chamber Nottingham Castle

Seized by Edward III in the Queen Mothers Chamber Nottingham Castle

Seizes Roger Mortimer and begins personal rule

Captures Bordeaux again from the English, thereafter the city remains French

The capital of Aquitaine is surrendered to the French, England is left with Calais

Captures Bordeaux again from the English, thereafter the city remains French

Receives Royal Prussia from the Teutonic Order after the Thirteen Years War.

Recognises the settlement ending war between the Teutonic Knights and Poland.

Meets his new wife Princess Margaret for the 1st time

Surrenders Mons to the Spanish but most of the Dutch towns are occupied by Calvinists

Swedish forces enter Krakow during the invasion of the Commonwealth

Helps secure Krakow for Sweden after the city's surrender

Declares war on Spain for breaches of the Pravdo Convention

Cornwallis's army is removed from the field, effectively ending major fighting in the American War of Independence.

The capitulation at Yorktown ends major combat and confirms the collapse of Britain's southern campaign.

Surrenders 7,000 soldiers ending the American Revolution & the War of Independence

Lord Cornwallis surrenders with 7,000 men marking the end of fighting in the war

Appointed Major

Napoleon I was appointed major.

Appointed Major

Leaves Cadiz with Spanish ships in the combined fleet.

Sails from Cadiz with the combined fleet.

The Austrians ally with Britain & invaded Bavaria

Surrenders to Bonaparte near Stuttgart

After a 35 day stay & no negotiations with the Russians the Grande Armee leaves Moscow

Publishes a Tribune article discussing Mazzini, Kossuth, Louis Napoleon and European revolutionary politics.

Leaves for Europe

Begins organising government after the October Manifesto.

Forms the new government after the October Manifesto.

Becomes chairman of the Council of Ministers.

Appointed Russia's first chairman of the Council of Ministers.

Heads the new Council of Ministers after the manifesto.

A second attempt, with a team made up of Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, Oscar Wisting, and Amundsen, depart base camp. They took four sledges and 52 dogs

Sets out from Framheim with Bjaaland, Hanssen, Hassel and Wisting for the successful South Pole journey

A second attempt, with a team made up of Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, Oscar Wisting, and Amundsen, depart base camp. They took four sledges and 52 dogs

A second attempt, with a team made up of Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, Oscar Wisting, and Amundsen, depart base camp. They took four sledges and 52 dogs

A second attempt, with a team made up of Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, Oscar Wisting, and Amundsen, depart base camp. They took four sledges and 52 dogs

French directs BEF operations as German attacks intensify around Ypres during the First Battle of Flanders.

German operations extend north toward Ypres.

Russia and Italy declare war on Bulgaria

Russia and Italy declare war on Bulgaria

Russia and Italy declare war on Bulgaria

Resigns over the war in the Balkans, which had left two British and one French division in Salonica instead of being dispatched to support the Serbs who were being attacked by from the north and Bulgaria from the east. Carson becomes the leader of those Unionists who were not members of the Government, effectively Leader of the Opposition in the Commons

Bruges is liberated by the Allies during the Battle of Flanders

Bruges is liberated by the Allies during the Battle of Flanders

Allied advances liberate Bruges near the end of the war.

Antonio Granjo is assassinated

Among the Conservatives who decide to leave the coaltion Government by 188 to 85 votes

The Conservative Party decides to contest the election independently of the coaltion

The Conservatives decide to contest the election independently of the coalition

Resigns as Prime Minister

Places Reichswehr units stationed in Bavaria under his authority during the escalating constitutional dispute with Berlin.

Refuses Reich Defence Minister Otto Geßler's order to ban the Völkischer Beobachter for attacks on the Reich government.

Greek troops enter Bulgaria after a border clash.

Bulgaria appeals to the League during the border crisis.

Britain supports the League of Nations sanctions against Italy for invading Abyssinia

Britain supports the League of Nations sanctions against Italy for invading Abyssinia

Franz Halder, the Chief of Staff of the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW), the German Army High Command, presents the first plan for Fall Gelb ("Case Yellow")

Franz Halder, the Chief of Staff of the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW), the German Army High Command, presents the first plan for Fall Gelb ("Case Yellow")

Franz Halder, the Chief of Staff of the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW), the German Army High Command, presents the first plan for Fall Gelb ("Case Yellow")

Franz Halder, the Chief of Staff of the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW), the German Army High Command, presents the first plan for Fall Gelb ("Case Yellow")

A pact of mutual assistance is signed between Turkey, France & Britain

Franz Halder, the Chief of Staff of the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW), the German Army High Command, presents the first plan for Fall Gelb ("Case Yellow")

Franz Halder, the Chief of Staff of the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW), the German Army High Command, presents the first plan for Fall Gelb ("Case Yellow")

Beria brings in several regiments of the NKVD in to preserve order. A state of siege is declared

Brunetti assumes command of Brescia during the final days before the British offensive at El Alamein.

Bignami assumes acting command of Folgore after Frattini leaves the division.

Jodl's staff transmits a restricted explanation concerning implementation of the Commando Order.

Frattini leaves command of the Folgore Division shortly before the main British offensive at El Alamein.

Tamai helps organize the first special-attack unit at Mabalacat and selects Seki to lead the Shikishima squadron.

Inoguchi serves on Onishi's staff during the organization of the first naval special-attack units in the Philippines.

Suggests that the next Big Three meeting take place in the Black Sea area.

Appointed President of the Revolutionary Government Junta of Venezuela

Romulo Betancourt became chairman of the Revolutionary Government Junta after the October Revolution.

Publishes You and the Atomic Bomb.

Chinese forces capture Chamdo and take Tibetan governor Ngabo Ngawang Jigme prisoner.

Appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer

Resigns as Chancellor of the Exchequer due to ill health

Accepts a timetable for British withdrawal from the Suez Canal base while preserving emergency access arrangements.

Signs an agreement requiring British evacuation from the Suez Canal base under specified conditions.

Signs terms requiring British forces to evacuate the Suez Canal base within twenty months.

Signs an agreement establishing a timetable for British withdrawal from the Canal Zone.

Appointed Home Secretary

Travels to Warsaw during the Polish October crisis and accepts Wladyslaw Gomulka's return to power.

Kennedy maintained scheduled campaign appearances while secret crisis deliberations continued in Washington.

Kennedy left Washington for campaign appearances while advisers continued secret deliberations about Cuba.

Robert Kennedy argued that an unannounced air strike could resemble the attack on Pearl Harbor.

Becomes Prime Minister after Harold Macmillan resigns.

Appointed Prime Minister of Great Britain

Beckwith is involved with US Special Forces support during the Plei Me siege

North Vietnamese Army troops attack the U.S. Special Forces camp at Plei Me in a prelude to the Battle of Ia Ia Drang

Chu Huy Man commands communist forces in the Central Highlands campaign

Vinh Loc commands South Vietnamese II Corps during the siege of Plei Me

Mariner 5 passes close to Venus and performs radio-occultation and plasma measurements of the planet's environment.

Mariner 5 observations show that Venus's ionosphere creates a bow shock that deflects the solar wind despite the lack of a strong magnetic field.

Creams farewell album, Goodbye, features live performances recorded live at The Forum, Los Angeles, October 19, 1968, and it is released shortly after Cream disbanded in 1968

Releases New Morning.

Represents Italy as the Paris summit begins discussions on economic, monetary and political development.

Represents Germany as the Paris summit begins discussions on economic, monetary and political development of the Communities.

Pompidou hosted Community leaders as they set broader ambitions for economic, monetary and political cooperation.

The USA sends $2.2 billion in military aid to Israel to counter Soviet arms shipments to Egypt

The USA sends $2.2 billion in military aid to Israel to counter Soviet arms shipments to Egypt

Releases Pin Ups, an album of cover versions paying tribute to songs from his 1960s influences.

Cox refused the compromise

Nixon, looking toward a solution to the tape dispute, offered what later came to known as the Stennis Compromise. U.S. Senator John C. Stennis (D-MS) would independently review the tapes and summarize them for the special prosecutor's office.

Nixon, looking toward a solution to the tape dispute, offered what later came to known as the Stennis Compromise. U.S. Senator John C. Stennis (D-MS) would independently review the tapes and summarize them for the special prosecutor's office

Proposes that Senator John Stennis review Watergate tapes and authenticate presidential summaries instead of giving the recordings directly to Special Prosecutor Cox.

Cox refused the compromise

Nixon, looking toward a solution to the tape dispute, offered what later came to known as the Stennis Compromise. U.S. Senator John C. Stennis (D-MS) would independently review the tapes and summarize them for the special prosecutor's office.

Is proposed as the independent reviewer who would authenticate presidential summaries of subpoenaed Watergate tapes under Nixon's proposed compromise.

Announces proposals in the House of Commons to privatize British Gas. Announces proposals in the House of Commons to privatize BNOC

Overthrown by a military pro-Soviet coup, Bishop is shot dead

A pro-Soviet military coup overthrows the Marxist Government in Grenada

A pro-Soviet military coup overthrows the Marxist Government in Grenada

Security police assassinate Jerzy Popieluszko

This record states: "Black Monday", the Dow Jones index falls by 22.6% a volume of 604.33 million shares.

This record states: A record stock market fall from a record high of 2722 in Aug to 1738 points, the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) dropped by 508 points to 1738.74 (22.61%).

This record states: The crash began in Far Eastern markets the morning of October 19,later that morning.

This record states: Two US warships shelled an Iranian oil platform in the Persian Gulf in response to Irans Silkworm missile attack on the US flagged ship MV Sea Isle City.

US Congressman Edward J. Markey, who had been warning about the possibility of a crash, stated that "Program trading was the principal cause"

"Black Monday", the Dow Jones index falls by 22. 6% a volume of 604. 33 million shares. A record stock market fall from a record high of 2722 in Aug to 1738 points, the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) dropped by 508 points to 1738.

74 (22. 61%)

The crash began in Far Eastern markets the morning of October 19,later that morning, two US warships shelled an Iranian oil platform in the Persian Gulf in response to Irans Silkworm missile attack on the US flagged ship MV Sea Isle City.

US Congressman Edward J. Markey, who had been warning about the possibility of a crash, stated that "Program trading was the principal cause".

A record stock market fall from a record high of 2722 in Aug to 1738 points

Dramatic falls in the stock market following "black monday" in Wall St

Britain and Argentina agree to restore consular relations.

The South African National Party opens its membership to all races

Makes a major Commons statement on contraction and proposed closures in the coal industry.

Benazir Bhutto begins her second term as Prime Minister.

A Palestinian suicide bomber kills 22 Israelis and wounds 48 in a bus explosion in Tel Aviv, Hamas take responsibility

A Palestinian suicide bomber kills 22 Israelis and wounds 48 in a bus explosion in Tel Aviv, Hamas take responsibility

A Palestinian suicide bomber kills 22 Israelis and wounds 48 in a bus explosion in Tel Aviv, Hamas take responsibility

The First Jens Stoltenberg Government ends in Oslo, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Norway.

Appointed Prime Minister of Norway, 2nd term

Begins the Second Kjell Magne Bondevik Government in Oslo and serves as Prime Minister of Norway.

Irish voters approve Nice at the second referendum, allowing Ahern's government to complete ratification.

Irish voters reverse the earlier Nice rejection and approve the treaty by 62.89 percent.

Blair given electric shocks to regulate heart palpitations in the first health scare of his premiership

Bert Trautman is awarded the OBE by Queen Elizabeth II, for promoting British-German understanding through football

Soe Win becomes Prime Minister after Khin Nyunt's removal

The first trial began before the Iraqi Special Tribunal on 19 October 2005

Particular attention was paid during the trial to activities in violent campaigns against the Kurds in the north during the Iran mins Iraq War, against the Shiites in the south in 1991 and 1999 to put down revolts, and in Dujail after a failed assassination

Saddam asserted in his defense that he had been unlawfully overthrown, and was still the president of Iraq. 1st day of the trial

The first trial began before the Iraqi Special Tribunal on 19 October 2005. Remained in custody by United States forces at Camp Cropper in Baghdad, along with eleven senior Baathist officials.

attempt on 8 July 1982, during the Iran mins Iraq War.

He added, "Neither do I recognize the body that has designated and authorized you, nor the aggression because all that has been built on false basis is false."

He rejected the tribunal's legitimacy and independence from the control of the foreign occupation. "I do not respond to this so-called court, with all due respect to its people, and I retain my constitutional right as the president of Iraq", Saddam declared.

Iraqi authorities put Saddam and seven other former Iraqi officials on trial on 19 October 2005, four days after the 15 October 2005 referendum on the new Iraq constitution.

The tribunal specifically charged the defendants with the killing of 148 Shiites from Dujail, in retaliation for the failed assassination attempt of 8 July 1982. As in his pre-trial appearance, at the opening of the 19 October Trial Saddam appeared defiant.

Presents the Strategic Defence and Security Review to Parliament.

bin Abdullah participates in jerusalem policy connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.

The Commons passes the Letwin amendment delaying approval of the Brexit deal.

Announces a firebreak lockdown in Wales.

Warns partners about North Korean support for Russia.

Paz wins Bolivia's first presidential runoff and ends the MAS government's long tenure.

Birth of Victor-Francois de Broglie

Birth of Simon Ward

Death of John, Henry IIIs father

Death of John, poisoned by his own supporters. Death of John, at Newark Castle, succeeded by 9 yr old son Henry

Death of John Mowbray

Death of Jerzy Popieluszko, assassinated

Death of Samora Machel

Surrenders 7,000 soldiers ending the American Revolution & the War of Independence

Surrenders to Bonaparte near Stuttgart

Commands Russian army on the right wing

French retreat is underway with most of the armys trains and cavalry & infantry corps cross the Lindeneau bridge & march to safety

Helps defeat the Napoleonic forces

Witnesses what he regards as the horror of war at Leipzig, "It haunts one night & day"

During the fighting, 5,400 Saxons of Jean Reyniers VII Corps defect to the Allies, Napoleon sees that the battle is a lost cause and on the night of the 18th-19th he begins to withdraw the majority of his army across the river Elster

During the fighting, 5,400 Saxons of Jean Reyniers VII Corps defect to the Allies, Napoleon sees that the battle is a lost cause and on the night of the 18th-19th he begins to withdraw the majority of his army across the river Elster

Helps defeat Napoleon

Allenby leads cavalry during the fighting around Ypres.

Falkenhayn seeks decision in Flanders around Ypres.

Foch coordinates French support around Ypres.

French directs the BEF during the First Battle of Ypres.

Haig commands I Corps in the Ypres salient.

Albrecht commands German forces at Ypres.

Smith-Dorrien holds part of the line near Ypres.

Bruges is liberated by the Allies during the Battle of Flanders

Bruges is liberated by the Allies during the Battle of Flanders

The Japanese capture the Yenangyaung oilfields & Magwe

1st major battle of the Vietnam War between the United States Army and the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN)

North Vietnamese Army troops attack the U.S. Special Forces camp at Plei Me in a prelude to the Battle of Ia Ia Drang. 1st major battle of the Vietnam War between the United States Army and the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN)