Army Acclamation
The Pannonian legions acclaim Septimus Severus emperor at Carnuntum.
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On this date in world history
April 9 in History
This permanent archive page contains 241 World History Database records for April 9, spanning 193 to 2025. Recorded topics include Army Acclamation; Proclaimed Emperor at Carnuntum; Rule of Cumberland.
Total: 241Events: 204Births: 5Deaths: 7Battles: 24Coronations: 1Countries: 34
Events on April 9
Proclaimed Emperor at Carnuntum
The Pannonian army proclaimed Septimus Severus emperor after the murder of Pertinax.
Rule of Cumberland
Stephen cedes Northumberland, Cumberland and Westmoreland to David
Rule of Northumberland
Stephen cedes Northumberland, Cumberland and Westmoreland to David
Rule of Westmoreland
Stephen cedes Northumberland, Cumberland and Westmoreland to David
Treaty of Durham
Signed between Stephen & David I, Davids son is given Northumberland
Treaty of Durham
Stephen cedes Northumberland, Cumberland and Westmoreland to David. Signed between Stephen & David I, Stephen makes peace
Treaty of Troyes
Declares the Dauphin Charles of France illegitimate
Protector
Appointed Protector over the 12 year old Edward V by the late Edward IV
Succession
Leaves the crown to his 12 yr old son Edward Prince of Wales & names Richard protector
Succession
Leaves the crown to his 12 yr old son Edward. Appoints Richard of York as Protector because of his wifes unpopularity
Succession
Succeeds as King of England. Holds the title until July but is never crowned. Edward IV had appointed Richard of Gloucester as his Protector
Prince of Wales
Edward of Middleham, Richard III's only legitimate son, dies at Middleham Castle.
Reballion of Rebels in Brittany
Without an heir & a wife who cannot have children support rallies to Henry Tudor
Twelve Years Truce
A truce with the Dutch is agreed
Peerage
Belasyse is created Earl Fauconberg, 1st
Earl of Marlborough
Created Earl of Marlborough by William III.
Peerage
Created Earl of Marlborough by William III
Siege of Concord
Gage decides to send a 800-man force on a march to Concord to seize arms, gunpowder, cannons, and provisions from the provincials
Lieutenant Examination
Passes his examination for lieutenant in the Royal Navy.
Commander of Danube and Helvetia Armies
Massena became provisional commander in chief of the combined Armies of the Danube and Helvetia after Jourdan left command.
Invasion of Bavaria
The Austrians under the Archduke invade Bavaria
Invasion of Bavaria
The Austrians under the Archduke invade Bavaria
Reform of Government
Introduces a law reducing the power of the Catholic Church
Result of Surrender of Army of Northern Virginia
Lee's surrender to Grant effectively ends the principal Confederate field army in Virginia.
Surrender of Army of Northern Virginia
General Lee surrenders to General Grant at Appomattox courthouse
Siege of Wepener
Dalgety organizes the defence of Wepener and holds the position against repeated Boer attacks.
Siege of Wepener
De Wet attacks the colonial garrison at Wepener but fails to force it to surrender.
Klerksdorp Conference Opened
Meets Boer representatives as serious negotiations begin over possible peace terms.
The Origin of Fire Premiere
Conducts the first public performance of The Origin of Fire in Helsinki.
Home Rule
Pledges Conservative-Unionist support for Ulster resistance to Home Rule proposals
Rule of Ireland
Pledges Conservative-Unionist support for Ulster resistance to Home Rule proposals
Titanic Chief Officer Appointment
Is assigned to Titanic as chief officer shortly before the maiden voyage, prompting a reshuffle of the senior officers.
Titanic First Officer Assignment
Becomes Titanic's first officer after the late appointment of Henry Wilde as chief officer causes a senior-officer reshuffle.
Problems of Unity
Publishes Problems of Unity while continuing his effort to bridge divisions in Russian Social Democracy.
Arras Initial Breakthrough
Third Army achieves an important initial breakthrough during the Battle of Arras.
Arras Offensive Command
Commands Third Army in the Arras offensive.
Capture of Vimy Ridge
Leads the Canadian Corps in capturing Vimy Ridge, 1st day of the Arras Offensive
First Scarpe Offensive Opened
Haig directs the opening First Army attack along the Scarpe during the Arras offensive.
Hindenburg Defences Breached
Third Army breaches German defensive positions associated with the Hindenburg Line.
Hindenburg Line
Breaks through the Hindenburg Line. Breaches the Hindenburg Line
Nivelle Offensive
The British begin the Nivelle offensive against the German 6th under von Falkenhausen
Offensive
Leads the Canadian Corps in capturing Vimy Ridge, 1st day of the Arras Offensive
Offensive
9-15 April, the British begin the Nivelle Offensive under Generals Horne & Allenby
Sixth Army
The British 1st & 3rd Armies attack the German 6th Army, British tactical victory
Sixth Army
Attacks the German 6th Army under von Falkenhausen, wins a tactical victory
Third Army
Leads the 3rd Army into battle, the battle results in a stalemate
Vimy Ridge Assault Supported
Haig supports the Canadian Corps assault that captures most of Vimy Ridge.
Dominion Reinforcements Praised
Highlights the contribution of Dominion troops during the German spring offensive.
Ekaterinodar Campaign
Begins the assault on Ekaterinodar against Bolshevik forces.
Emergency Military Service Legislation Introduced
Introduces emergency legislation to expand the pool of men available for military service.
Estaires Defensive Crisis Managed
Haig directs reinforcements after German forces break into British and Portuguese positions near Estaires.
Irish Conscription Proposal Announced
Argues that Ireland can no longer remain excluded from compulsory military service.
Irish Home Rule Linked with Manpower Policy
Combines the conscription proposal with a renewed commitment to Irish self-government legislation.
Lys Offensive Emergency Measures Ordered
Haig shifts reserves north as the German offensive opens against the Flanders front.
Lys Offensive Opens in Flanders
Ludendorff launches Operation Georgette against British and Portuguese positions in the Flanders sector.
Military Age Extension Proposed
Proposes raising the maximum military service age in response to the manpower emergency.
Operation Georgette
1st day of the Battle of Lys, part of Operation Georgette
Peace
Clemanceau discloses Charles peace note of 9th April
Spring Offensive
Ludendorff opens the Lys offensive near Ypres.
Government Ends
His government ends in Helsinki, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Finland.
Prime Minister
Takes office as Prime Minister of Finland and forms a government in Helsinki.
Adkins v Children's Hospital
Writes the majority opinion invalidating a District of Columbia minimum-wage law for women.
First Constitution
Amanullah promulgates Afghanistan's first written constitution and defines a centralized constitutional state.
Allied Debt Payments
The plan is intended to help Allied governments repay debts owed to the United States.
American Loans
The Dawes Plan makes foreign loans, mainly from the United States, available to Germany.
Business Not Politics
The Dawes Plan is promoted under the motto Business, not politics.
Currency Stability
The Dawes arrangements contribute to German currency stabilization.
Customs Revenue
Customs taxes are included among the sources for reparations payments.
Dawes Plan
The Dawes Committee proposes a reparations plan to stabilize German payments after World War I.
Dawes Plan
The Dawes Plan provides for annual German reparations; Dawes later shares the 1925 Nobel Peace Prize.
Dawes Plan
Accepts the Dawes Plan form German reparations
Dawes Plan
Reparation payments would begin at 1 billion marks for the first year and should rise over a period of four years to 2. 5 billion marks per year. Foreign loans (primarily from the United States) would be made available to Germany.
Dawes Plan
The Dawes Plan is put forward to stabilize the economic situation in Europe, to enable the Germans to pay their reparations and the Allies to pay their debts to the US. Sets an upper limit for payment of reparations and limits the time to 37 years, the Motto is "Business, not politics"
Dawes Plan
The Dawes Plan provides short term economic benefits to the German economy, It softens the burdens of war reparations, stabilizes the currency, and attracts increased foreign investments and loans to the German market.
Dawes Plan
The sources for the reparation money should include transportation, excise, and custom taxes. The Ruhr area is to be evacuated by Allied occupation troops. The German Reichsbank would be reorganized under Allied supervision.
Dawes Plan Acceptance
Accepts the Dawes Plan for German reparations.
Economy of Germany
Submits the committee report on German reparations and financial stabilization.
Economy of Germany
The Dawes Plan is put forward to stabilize the economic situation in Europe, to enable the Germans to pay their reparations and the Allies to pay their debts to the US
European Stabilization Plan
Supports the Dawes Plan as a means to stabilise Europe's economic situation.
Excise Tax Revenue
Excise taxes are assigned as one source of reparations revenue.
First Year Payment
Reparations begin at one billion marks in the first year under the Dawes arrangements.
Foreign Credit
Germany gains access to foreign credit under the Dawes arrangements.
Foreign Investment
The plan helps attract increased foreign investment into Germany.
Foreign Loans
The Dawes Plan supports foreign lending to stabilize the German economy.
Loan Inflows
Foreign lending to Germany increases under the Dawes framework.
Reichsbank Reform
The Dawes Plan recommends changes to stabilize German finance and support reparations.
Reichsbank Supervision
The German Reichsbank is to be reorganized under Allied supervision.
Reparations Burden Eased
The plan softens the immediate burden of German reparations.
Reparations Capacity
The Dawes Plan is designed to enable Germany to meet reparations payments.
Reparations Ceiling
The Dawes Plan places an upper limit on German reparations payments.
Reparations Schedule
The Dawes Plan reduces annual German payments at first and lets them rise over time.
Reparations Timetable
The plan limits the reparations timetable to 37 years.
Rising Reparations Schedule
Annual reparations are scheduled to rise toward 2.5 billion marks over four years.
Ruhr Evacuation
The Dawes arrangements provide for Allied occupation troops to leave the Ruhr.
Short Term Recovery
The Dawes Plan provides short-term economic benefits to Germany.
Transport Tax Revenue
Transportation taxes are identified as a source for reparations payments.
Meeting with Zhang Xueliang
Meets Zhang Xueliang and discusses ending civil conflict in order to resist Japanese aggression.
Exile Begins
Zog crosses into exile after Italian occupation makes resistance impossible
Government Falls
Kotta's government falls after Italian occupation of the capital
Occupation Administration
Jacomoni helps organize the Italian occupation administration in Albania
Provisional Committee
Ypi heads a provisional committee under Italian pressure after Zog leaves
Barttle of Narvik
Responds to the German landing at Narvik during Operation Weserubung.
Capture of Narvik
Dietl's mountain troops land from German destroyers and seize Narvik during the opening invasion.
Capture of Narvik
Seizes Narvik with mountain troops landed from German destroyers.
Destroyer Georg Thiele
Commands a German destroyer in the Narvik invasion force.
Destroyer Hans Ludemann
Commands a German destroyer during the Narvik operation.
Flight from Oslo
Haakon VII leaves Oslo with the government, preventing German forces from capturing the monarchy.
German Landing at Narvik
Commands Norwegian forces at Narvik as German troops arrive.
Government
Forms a new Government in Norway
Government
Forms a new Government in Norway
Government Evacuation
Nygaardsvold's government leaves Oslo as German forces advance on the capital.
Invasion of Denmark
With operation "Weserubung" Germany occupies Denmark and Norway
Invasion of Norway
The Germans invade Norway, British intervention is too late
Invasion of Norway
Rejects a German ultimatum
Invasion of Norway
Germany launches Operation Weserubung and German forces land at Narvik to secure the northern ore route.
Invasion of Norway
With operation "Weserubung" Germany occupies Denmark and Norway
Invasion of Norway
Launches torpedoes at Admiral Hipper to protect Britsh troops
Landing at Narvik
Bonte commands the German destroyer force carrying mountain troops into Narvik at the start of Operation Weserubung.
Landing at Narvik
Brings the German naval force into Narvik during the invasion.
Northern Norway Command
Begins organising Norwegian resistance in northern Norway.
Operation Weserubung
Bonte commands the destroyer group carrying Dietl's mountain troops to Narvik.
Operation Weserubung
Responds to the German invasion of Norway and Denmark.
Operation Weserubung
Dietl's mountain troops land at Narvik and seize the port during the opening German invasion.
Operation Weserubung
Falkenhorst directs the wider Norwegian invasion as German forces attack Oslo, Bergen, Trondheim and Narvik.
Operation Weserubung
Hitler launches the invasion of Denmark and Norway to secure bases and protect the Swedish iron ore route.
Operation Weserubung
With operation "Weserubung" Germany occupies Denmark and Norway
Operation Weserubung
Kaupisch commands German forces in Denmark as the invasion quickly forces Danish surrender.
Operation Weserübung Launch Coordinated
Jodl's OKW staff coordinates the opening of the invasions of Denmark and Norway.
Quisling Coup
Quisling announces a coup by radio while German forces are invading Norway.
Rule of Norway
Forms a pro-German Government after the Invasion of Norway
Rule of Norway
Forms a pro-German Government after the Invasion of Norway
Sinking of Blucher
Woldag commands the cruiser Blucher when Norwegian guns and torpedoes sink the ship in Oslofjord.
Fall of Bataan
Homma's forces secure Bataan after the exhausted American and Filipino defenders surrender.
Result of Surrender of American Forces on Bataan
American forces surrender and Parker enters Japanese captivity for the remainder of the war.
Surrender of American Forces on Bataan
Surrenders to the Japanese, spends the rest of the war in a prisoner of war camp
Revolutionary Government
Siles Zuazo leads the provisional revolutionary authority before Paz Estenssoro returns.
General Strike
Calls for a general strike against Batista.
General Strike
The 26th of July Movement calls a general strike against Batista, but the April 9 action fails to gain nationwide support and is quickly suppressed.
General Strike
Helps organise the April strike against Batista.
Project Mercury Astronaut Selection
NASA introduces Carpenter as one of the seven military test pilots selected for Project Mercury.
Project Mercury Astronaut Selection
NASA introduces Cooper as one of the original seven astronauts selected for Project Mercury flight training.
Project Mercury Astronaut Selection
NASA presents Grissom as one of the original seven astronauts chosen to train for Project Mercury missions.
Project Mercury Astronaut Selection
NASA presents Shepard as one of the seven pilots selected for Project Mercury, America's first human spaceflight programme.
Project Mercury Astronaut Selection
NASA names Slayton among the seven original astronauts selected for Project Mercury.
Assassination Attempt
David Pratt shoots Verwoerd at the Rand Easter Show.
Plot
Verwoerd is shot in the head by a Transvaal farmer
Plot
Verwoerd resumes duties 5 weeks later. Verwoerd is shot in the head by a Transvaal farmer
Rand Easter Show Shooting
Verwoerd survives serious injuries and later resumes office.
Cuba Historical Exception or Vanguard
Guevara publishes an essay assessing the Cuban Revolution's significance for anti-colonial struggle in Latin America.
Law of Treaties Conference Second Session
Returns to Vienna for the second session of the treaty-law conference that produces the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties.
Sihanoukville Closed
Closes Sihanoukville to North Vietnamese military supply routes and requests modern weapons
US Alliance Sought
Seeks closer military and diplomatic support from the United States
US Diplomacy
Requests American support against Vietnamese communist forces in Cambodia
Central Committee
Continues as KGB chairman after the 24th Congress renews central party organs.
Central Committee
Elected a member of the CPSU Central Committee after the 24th Party Congress.
Politburo Membership
Continues as defence minister during Brezhnev's consolidated leadership.
Politburo Membership
Remains a senior foreign-policy figure as the new Central Committee begins work.
Watergate
The New York Times reports that McCord told Senate investigators that payments for Watergate defendants came through the Committee to Re-Elect the President.
Watergate
The New York Times reported that James McCord told the Senate Watergate Committee that the cash payoffs for the burglars came directly from the Republican Committee to Re-Elect the President (CREEP).
Commons EEC Membership Vote
The Commons votes by 396 to 170 to stay in the EEC
Parliamentary Business Statement
Announces the following week's Commons timetable, covering the Finance Bill, Transport Bill, regional policy debate and several consolidation measures.
5.01 a.m. (The Pros And Cons Of Hitch Hiking)
Roger Waters releases his first solo single, "5.01 a.m. (The Pros And Cons Of Hitch Hiking)"
Zee
Rick Wright releases a self-titled album of his collaboration with Dave Harris, "Zee"
Chief Minister of Punjab
Nawaz Sharif becomes Chief Minister of Punjab after non-party elections.
Economy of Japan
Nakasone advises the Japanese to buy foreign products
Nakasone advises the Japanese to buy foreign products
Nakasone advises the Japanese to buy foreign products
Bombing of Libya
Agrees to President Reagan's request to use US aircraft based in Britain to bomb Libya. Agreed due to US support in the Falklands & Article 51 of the United Nations Treaty
Demonstrations
Disorders in Tbilisi, 20 demonstrators are killed by Soviet troops
Reballion of Rebels in Tiblisi
A Nationalist demonstration is suppressed by army intervention
Reballion of Rebels in Tiblisi
A Nationalist demonstration is suppressed by army intervention
Independence of Georgia
Georgia proclaims independence from Moscow
Independence of Russia
Georgia proclaims independence from Moscow
Election
Wins a Conservative majority in the general election.
Election
The Government majority is cut to 21. Conservatives 336, Labour 271, Liberal democrats 20 & others 24
Father of the House
Becomes Father of the House as the longest continuously serving MP.
General Election Re-election
Brown is re-elected for Dunfermline East after Labour's fourth consecutive defeat.
House of Commons Service Ends
Ends his House of Commons career after representing Bebington, Reigate and East Surrey during separate periods between 1964 and 1992.
House of Commons Service Ends
Ends his service in the House of Commons after representing Blaby continuously from February 1974 through the 1992 general election.
President Appointed
Appointed President of Albania after Democratic Party victory
Trident
Major's election victory maintains Government commitment to bringing Trident into service
Extremist Military Leadership
Exercises significant authority within the defence establishment.
Genocide-Era Cabinet Formed
Leads the cabinet during the genocide.
Genocide-Era Command Influence
Later tribunals hold him responsible for major atrocities.
Interim Prime Minister
Becomes prime minister of the interim government.
Appointment as Prime Minister
Mobutu appoints General Likulia to organise the government's final resistance.
President of Armenia
Appointed President of Armenia
Chairman
Appointed Chairwoman of the Christian Democratic Union
Capture of Baghdad
The Iraqi military is defeated & Baghdad falls. Most of the Iraqi military is quickly defeated and Baghdad was occupied on April 9th. Bush declares the end of major combat operations, terminating the Baath Party's rule and removing Iraqi President Saddam Hussein from office
Fall of Baghdad
Saddam Hussein's government collapses as coalition forces enter Baghdad during the invasion of Iraq.
Invasion of Iraq
Bush declares the end of major combat operations, terminating the Baath Party's rule and removing Iraqi President Saddam Hussein from office
Invasion of Iraq
Most of the Iraqi military is quickly defeated and Baghdad was occupied on April 9th
Invasion of Iraq
Most of the Iraqi military is quickly defeated and Baghdad was occupied on April 9th
Neutrality
Gul denies $1 billion aid from the US is to keep Turkey out of the war
Rule of Cyprus
The Turkish & Greek Prime Minister meet but reject each others proposals
NDC Re-election
Is re-elected as National Defence Commission chairman.
General Election
Leads Likud in the first Israeli general election of 2019.
General Election - General Election
Leads Likud in the first Israeli general election of 2019.
General Election Election Outcome
General election outcome recorded for Benjamin Netanyahu: Leads Likud in the first Israeli general election of 2019.
General Election Government
Government context for this general election: Leads Likud in the first Israeli general election of 2019.
End of Second Katrin Jakobsdottir Government
The Second Katrin Jakobsdottir Government ends, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Iceland.
Taoiseach of Ireland
Takes office as Taoiseach following Leo Varadkar's resignation.
Juno Safe Mode Recovery
NASA reports Juno restored to normal operations after safe-mode events during its 71st close Jupiter pass.
Uranus Rotation Rate
Lamy leads analysis of long-term Hubble auroral observations that determines Uranus's interior rotation rate with improved precision.
Births on April 9
Birth of illegitimate son
Born in Rotterdam, eldest illegitimate son of Charles II and Lucy Walter during the royal exile after the execution of Charles I
Birth of Isambard Kingdom Brunel
Isambard Kingdom Brunel is born in Portsea, Portsmouth, the son of engineer Marc Isambard Brunel and Sophia Kingdom.
Birth of Isambard Kingdom Brunel
Brunel's son Isambard Kingdom Brunel is born and later becomes a leading civil and mechanical engineer.
Birth of Eadweard Muybridge
Eadweard Muybridge is born and later pioneers photographic studies of motion.
Birth of Robert Calvert
Birth of Robert Calvert
Deaths on April 9
Death of Edward IV
Edward IV names Richard as the Protector for his son Edward V. Death of Edward IV, from a chill caught during a fishing trip
Death of Richard III
Edward IV names Richard as the Protector for his son Edward V
Death of Edward
Death of Edward Prince of Wales, Richard's only son & heir
Death of Edward
Anne Neville suffers the death of her only son, Edward of Middleham, weakening the Yorkist succession.
Death of Richard III
Death of Edward Prince of Wales, Richard's only son & heir
Death of Francis Bacon
Francis Bacon dies at Highgate near London.
Death of Martin Luther King
A crowd of 300,000 attend Martin Luther King's funeral
Battles on April 9
Battle of Appomattox
The remains of the Army of Northern Virginis are defeated
Battle of Arras
Commands British Third Army in the main assault east of Arras.
Battle of Arras
The British 1st & 3rd Armies attack the German 6th Army, British tactical victory. Leads the 3rd Army into battle, the battle results in a stalemate. 9-15 April, preliminary to the Nivelle offensive
Battle of Arras
Commands Canadian Corps during the successful assault on Vimy Ridge.
Battle of Arras
Commands German Sixth Army defending the Arras sector against British and Canadian attacks.
Battle of Arras
The British begin the Nivelle offensive against the German 6th under von Falkenhausen. A British tactical victory
Battle of Arras
Launches the Arras offensive to support wider Allied operations on the Western Front.
Battle of Arras
Attacks the German 6th Army under von Falkenhausen, wins a tactical victory
Battle of Arras
Commands British First Army as Canadian Corps attacks and captures Vimy Ridge.
Battle of Vimy Ridge
Commands Canadian Corps forces that help capture Vimy Ridge.
Battle of Lys
1st day of the Battle of Lys, part of Operation Georgette
Battle of the Lys
German forces attack near Ypres during the Lys offensive.
Fourth Battle of Ypres
Plumer commands British defence near Ypres.
Picardy Battle Reviewed in Commons
Reviews the German spring offensive and warns that the war has entered a critical phase.
Battle of Drobak Sound
Eriksen orders Oscarsborg Fortress to fire on Blucher and delays the German capture of Oslo.
Battle of Drobak Sound
Kummetz leads the German naval force toward Oslo when Oscarsborg blocks the attack.
Battle of Narvik
Commands the coastal defence ship Norge during the German attack.
Battle of Narvik
Commands the German destroyer force carrying Dietl's troops into Narvik.
Battle of Narvik
Lands mountain troops from German destroyers and seizes Narvik.
Battle of Narvik
Commands Norwegian forces at Narvik when German troops arrive.
Battle of Narvik
Commands Eidsvold before the ship is sunk by German torpedoes.
Battle of Bardia
Begins to fight for Bardia, 60 miles east of Torbruk
Battle of Bataan
The US surrenders to the Japanese on Bataan. MacArthur is evacuated but Allied prisoners are forced on the Bataan Death March
Battle of Bataan
The US surrenders to the Japanese on Bataan
Coronations on April 9
Coronation
Holds the title until July but is never crowned