March 25 in History

Robert Bruce was crowned King of Scots, ending the second interregnum.

Appointed Viceroy of India, on the condition that he would set up four forts on the south western Indian coast: at Anjediva Island, Cannanore, Cochin and Quilon

Appointed Viceroy of India, on the condition that he would set up four forts on the south western Indian coast: at Anjediva Island, Cannanore, Cochin and Quilon

Appointed Viceroy of India, on the condition that he would set up four forts on the south western Indian coast: at Anjediva Island, Cannanore, Cochin and Quilon.

The missions primary aims were to bring the spice trade under Portuguese control, to construct forts along the east African and Indian coasts, to further Portuguese spice trade through alliances with local chieftains, besides constructing trading posts.

With an armada of 22 ships, including 14 carracks and 6 caravels, Almeida departs from Lisbon.

The flagship us the carrack Sao Rafael captained by Fernao Soares

Appointed Viceroy of India, on the condition that he would set up four forts on the south western Indian coast: at Anjediva Island, Cannanore, Cochin and Quilon

Receives Elizabeth I's charter for discovery and planting in lands not held by Christian princes

Percy obtains the lease for the undercroft directly underneath the first-floor House of Lords, it was into this room that the plotters moved 36 barrels of gunpowder from Catesbys lodgings on the opposite side of the River Thames

Covenanters under Leven & Royalists under Newcastle clash but the result is indecisive

Covenanters under Leven & Royalists under Newcastle clash but the result is indecisive

Charles opened negotiations with commissioners representing the Scottish Parliament.

French forces capture Ypres during the Franco-Dutch War.

Vauban directs the systematic siege works and artillery attack against Mons.

Lafayette was elected as a noble deputy for Riom and entered the Estates General as a supporter of reform.

The Directory is recognized by the Pitt Government which offers to negotiate for peace

England keeps Ceylon & Trinidad & Malta restored to the Knights of St John.

France keeps her continental conquests.

Great Britain recognises the French Republic, the consequent peace, which lasted only one year, is the only period during which Great Britain was not at war with France during the so-called Great French War.

Signed by Joseph Bonaparte and the Marquess Cornwallis as a "Definitive Treaty of Peace" between France and the United Kingdom.

Signed by Joseph Bonaparte and the Marquess Cornwallis as a "Definitive Treaty of Peace" between France and the United Kingdom

England keeps Ceylon & Trinidad & Malta is restored to the Knights of St John.

France keeps continental conquests.

Great Britain recognises the French Republic, the consequent peace, which lasted only one year, is the only period during which Great Britain was not at war with France during the so-called Great French War.

Signed by Joseph Bonaparte and the Marquess Cornwallis as a "Definitive Treaty of Peace" between France and the United Kingdom.

Under the Treaty of Amiens Britain is awarded Ceylon

Under the Treaty of Amiens Britain is awarded Trinidad

Under the Treaty of Amiens France withdraws from the Papal States; it fixed the borders of French Guiana; Malta, Gozo, and Comino are restored to the Order of St. John of Jerusalem and the islands are declared neutral

Under the Treaty of Amiens Britain gives up the Cape Colony (occupied after Napoleon's invasion of the United Provinces in 1803), and much of the West Indies to the Batavian Republic, and also withdraws from Egypt

Under the Treaty of Amiens Britain gives up the Cape Colony (occupied after Napoleon's invasion of the United Provinces in 1803), and much of the West Indies to the Batavian Republic, and also withdraws from Egypt

Under the Treaty of Amiens France withdraws from the Papal States; it fixed the borders of French Guiana; Malta, Gozo, and Comino are restored to the Order of St. John of Jerusalem and the islands are declared neutral

Under the Treaty of Amiens France withdraws from the Papal States; it fixed the borders of French Guiana; Malta, Gozo, and Comino are restored to the Order of St. John of Jerusalem and the islands are declared neutral

Under the Treaty of Amiens France withdraws from the Papal States; it fixed the borders of French Guiana; Malta, Gozo, and Comino are restored to the Order of St. John of Jerusalem and the islands are declared neutral

Under the Treaty of Amiens Britain gives up the Cape Colony (occupied after Napoleon's invasion of the United Provinces in 1803), and much of the West Indies to the Batavian Republic, and also withdraws from Egypt

Together with the Treaty of Lun‚ville (1801) the Treaty of Amiens marks the end of the Second Coalition

Together with the Treaty of Lun‚ville (1801) the Treaty of Amiens marks the end of the Second Coalition

Under the Treaty of Amiens Britain gives up the Cape Colony (occupied after Napoleon's invasion of the United Provinces in 1803), and much of the West Indies to the Batavian Republic, and also withdraws from Egypt.

Under the Treaty of Amiens France withdraws from the Papal States; it fixed the borders of French Guiana; Malta, Gozo, and Comino are restored to the Order of St. John of Jerusalem and the islands are declared neutral.

Wilberforce reintroduceS his Bill it in the 1805 session, on this occasion it is defeated on the second reading

Appointed Foreign Minister, 1st term, given key responsibilities for the countrys diplomacy in the Napoleonic Wars

Appointed Foreign Minister, 1st term, given key responsibilities for the countrys diplomacy in the Napoleonic Wars

Royal Assent is given to an Act abolishing slavery

The Slave Trade Act receives the royal assent

Royal Assent is given to an Act abolishing slavery

The Slave Trade Act receives the royal assent

The Slave Trade Act receives the royal assent

Germanos becomes associated with the symbolic blessing of the Greek revolt

The Thames Tunnel opens to pedestrians after eighteen years of construction begun under Marc and Isambard Brunel.

The Thames Tunnel opens to the public as the first successful tunnel beneath a navigable river.

Publishes an article discussing forced emigration, political refugees and British electoral corruption.

Koumoundouros begins his first premiership.

Sentenced to 2 yrs hard Labour for homosexuality

Appointed Commander of the 5th Dragoon Guards

Mexico adopts a gold-exchange standard after falling silver prices destabilise the peso.

Addresses Commons questions about Canadian ships and their relationship to Imperial naval policy.

Provides comparative information on British and foreign dreadnought strength.

Defends Admiralty policy concerning guns carried by merchant steamships.

Answers Commons questions concerning Royal Navy warship movements.

Appointed Commander in Chief by the Provisional Government

Appointed Commander in Chief by the Provisional Government

The Provisional Government introduces state monopoly on the grain trade

Appointed Commander in Chief by the Provisional Government

Appointed Commander in Chief by the Provisional Government

The Provisional Government introduces state monopoly on the grain trade

Becomes a non-voting member of the ruling Politburo when it is created after the VIII Congress

Becomes the Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Comintern when it is created in March 1919

The first Chairman of the Cominterns Executive Committee is Grigory Zinoviev, from 1919 to 1926

Becomes a non-voting member of the ruling Politburo when it is created after the VIII Congress

North Persia Oils concludes a sale agreement connected with acquisition of northern Persian concession interests.

The National Assembly abolishes the monarchy and proclaims the Second Hellenic Republic.

Contributes to debate on continuing rent and mortgage interest restrictions.

Elected President of Portugal

Bishops withdraw their ban on membership of the Nazi party

Japan leaves the League of Nation as a reaction on the Lytton Report

Leads the Japanese delegation out of the League of Nations. Japan leaves the League of Nations after it calls for withdrawal from Manchukuo

Japan leaves the League of Nation as a reaction on the Lytton Report

The US "declines" to recognize the German occupation of Bohemia & Moravia. Roosevelt requests an assurance Germany will not invade any country from a list of 31

Meets Hitler to discuss the terms of the London Communique agreed with France

The Second Georges Theunis Government ends in Brussels, concluding this period as Prime Minister of Belgium.

Meets Hitler to discuss the terms of the London Communique agreed with France

Begins the Paul van Zeeland Government in Brussels and serves as Prime Minister of Belgium.

Ciano helps prepare Italian demands intended to reduce Albania to dependency

Yugoslavia signs the Tripartite Pact

Yugoslavia signs the Tripartite Pact

Hitler put pressure on Yugoslavia to join the Tripartite Pact. The Regent, Prince Paul of Yugoslavia, succumbed to this pressure

Yugoslavia signs the Tripartite Pact

Yugoslavia signs the Tripartite Pact

In front of Hitler & Ribbentrop Cvetkovic signs Yugoslavia to the Tripartite Pact

In front of Hitler & Ribbentrop Cvetkovic signs Yugoslavia to the Tripartite Pact

Hitler put pressure on Yugoslavia to join the Tripartite Pact. The Regent, Prince Paul of Yugoslavia, succumbed to this pressure

In front of Hitler & Ribbentrop Cvetkovic signs Yugoslavia to the Tripartite Pact

Deportations of Slovak Jews to Nazi-controlled camps begin.

Nearly 19 sqr miles of Tokyo are raised to the ground

Accompanies Churchill during a visit to troops after the successful Rhine crossings.

Signs a letter drafted by Leo Szilard seeking a presidential meeting on nuclear policy; Roosevelt dies before receiving it.

North Korea invades South Korea

Tunisians elected a Constituent Assembly to draft the institutions of the independent state.

Signs the Euratom Treaty for West Germany at the Rome ceremony.

Signs the Euratom Treaty for the Netherlands at the Rome ceremony.

Signs the Euratom Treaty for Italy at the Rome ceremony.

Signs the Euratom Treaty for France at the same Rome ceremony.

Signs the Euratom Treaty for Belgium at the Rome ceremony.

Faure signed the Euratom treaty for France alongside the treaty establishing the European Economic Community.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for West Germany and supports deeper integration with France and the Benelux states.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for the Federal Republic of Germany and supports deeper European economic integration.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for Luxembourg and supports creation of the common market.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for Luxembourg and supports the creation of the common market.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for Italy with Foreign Minister Gaetano Martino.

Heads the Dutch government when the Netherlands signs the Treaty of Rome.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for France alongside Christian Pineau.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for France alongside Foreign Minister Christian Pineau.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for the Federal Republic of Germany alongside Chancellor Konrad Adenauer.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for West Germany and helps guide the treaty through German political debate.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for the Netherlands alongside Joseph Luns.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for the Netherlands alongside Foreign Minister Joseph Luns.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for the Netherlands as one of the six founding states.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for the Netherlands, not Luxembourg, as one of the six founding states.

Martino addresses the signing ceremony and links the treaties to Italy's longer commitment to European integration.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for Italy alongside Prime Minister Antonio Segni.

Signs the Treaty of Rome on behalf of Italy.

Signs the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community alongside Prime Minister Antonio Segni.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for France during Guy Mollet's government.

Signs the Treaty of Rome on behalf of France during Guy Mollet's government.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for Luxembourg alongside Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Joseph Bech.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for Luxembourg alongside Joseph Bech.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for Italy alongside Foreign Minister Gaetano Martino.

Signs the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community for Italy.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for Belgium alongside Paul-Henri Spaak.

Snoy is appointed to chair the Interim Committee created to prepare the new Community institutions before the treaties enter into force.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for Belgium alongside Paul-Henri Spaak as head of the Belgian delegation.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for Belgium after chairing the committee that prepared the common-market proposals.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for Belgium after leading earlier work on the common market through the Spaak Committee.

Heads the Belgian government as Belgium signs the Treaty of Rome.

Heads the Belgian government when Belgium signs the Treaty of Rome.

Supports West German signature of the Treaty of Rome while Hallstein handles much of the negotiating work.

Supports the Federal German government's decision to sign the Treaty of Rome while Hallstein remains central to the negotiations.

Signs the Treaty of Rome for the Federal Republic of Germany and commits Germany to the new European Economic Community.

Signs the Treaty of Rome alongside Adenauer after helping shape Germany's negotiating position on European integration.

Pineau signed the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community on behalf of France.

Promulgates a provisional constitution maintaining the official United Arab Republic name.

The march finally goes ahead fully, it is during this march that Willie Ricks coins the phrase "Black Power"

The march finally goes ahead fully, it is during this march that Willie Ricks coins the phrase "Black Power"

Is murdered after supporting the Selma voting rights campaign.

The march finally goes ahead fully, it is during this march that Willie Ricks coins the phrase "Black Power". On the steps of the state capitol building, King delivers a speech that has become known as "How Long, Not Long"

The march finally goes ahead fully, it is during this march that Willie Ricks coins the phrase "Black Power"

Yahya Khan abrogates the 1962 Constitution and dissolves the legislatures.

Yahya Khan declares martial law and becomes Chief Martial Law Administrator.

Ayub Khan leaves office as Yahya Khan imposes a new martial-law regime.

Ayub Khan resigns after prolonged protests and political disorder.

Ayub Khan transfers authority to army commander Yahya Khan amid nationwide unrest.

Orders federal troops to assist mail delivery during the postal strike

Arrested in Dhaka, Pakistani forces start Operation Searchlight, a systematic plan to eliminate any resistance, thousands of people are killed in student dormitories and police barracks in Dhaka

Arrested in Dhaka, Pakistani forces start Operation Searchlight, a systematic plan to eliminate any resistance, thousands of people are killed in student dormitories and police barracks in Dhaka

The military launches a major operation against Bengali political opposition in East Pakistan.

Yahya Khan's military government begins Operation Searchlight against Bengali nationalist forces in East Pakistan.

Tikka Khan commands Pakistan's Eastern Command when Operation Searchlight begins in Dhaka.

Arrested in Dhaka, Pakistani forces start Operation Searchlight, a systematic plan to eliminate any resistance, thousands of people are killed in student dormitories and police barracks in Dhaka

Says James McCord has begun naming participants and providing a fuller account of the Watergate operation after two committee interviews.

Senate Watergate Committee lawyer Sam Dash told reporters that he had interviewed James McCord twice, and that McCord had "named names" and had begun supplying a full and honest accounts of the Watergate operation

Senate Watergate Committee lawyer Sam Dash told reporters that he had interviewed James McCord twice, and that McCord had "named names" and had begun supplying a full and honest account of the Watergate operation

Becomes crown prince following King Khalid's accession.

Succeeds King Faisal as the fourth king of Saudi Arabia.

Wins 37 votes in the 1st round of the leadership election & withdraws. Transfers his support to Michael Foot

Wins 56 votes in the first round of the leadership election and later withdraws.

Healey stands in the Labour leadership election after Harold Wilson announces his resignation.

Receives 56 votes and finishes third in the first Labour leadership ballot.

Withdraws from the leadership contest after concluding that his support cannot increase.

Finishes third in the Labour leadership contest after Harold Wilson resigns.

Healey receives 30 votes in the first ballot of the Labour leadership election.

Trade Union and Labour Relations Amendment Act 1976 receives Royal Assent before Wilson leaves office.

Amends the 1974 trade union legislation to adjust provisions on trade disputes and union legal immunities.

Is executed after being accused of involvement in the conspiracy that killed President Ngouabi.

999's self-titled debut album enters the UK albums chart.

Buzzcocks' debut album Another Music in a Different Kitchen enters the UK chart and peaks at number fifteen.

Wins Glasgow Hillhead at a celebrated by-election, returning to the Commons.

$20 million in military aid to Honduras is approved by Congress

Helps organise a major peaceful religious rights protest.

Performs at Nassau Coliseum in what becomes his final concert in the United States.

Russia sends in the tanks to discourage secession

Russia sends in the tanks to discourage secession

Announces decision to retire

Supports the Agenda 2000 settlement on finances, policy reform and preparations for enlargement.

Appointed Prime Minister of Estonia, 2nd term

Wins the Oscar for Things Have Changed.

Gaddafi meets British Prime Minister Tony Blair during Libya's diplomatic rehabilitation.

Leads the German EU Presidency as the Berlin Declaration sets a political timetable for renewed treaty reform.

Supports the Berlin Declaration during Germany's EU Presidency and the fiftieth anniversary of the Treaties of Rome.

Launches the Sir Bobby Robson Foundation. Funds equipment for the Sir Bobby Robson Cancer Trials Research Centre, in the Freeman Hospital in Newcastle-upon-Tyne

Funds equipment for the Sir Bobby Robson Cancer Trials Research Centre, in the Freeman Hospital in Newcastle-upon-Tyne

Yousaf Raza Gillani becomes Prime Minister after the Pakistan Peoples Party's election victory.

Mir Hazar Khan Khoso leads the caretaker government during the 2013 election.

Moves New Zealand into strict lockdown to suppress COVID-19.

Announces measures including a paid non-working period during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Burnham decides to place Greater Manchester buses under a franchised system of local control.

Approves Ukraine's Military Security Strategy focused on comprehensive defense and closer NATO cooperation.

Announces plans to station tactical nuclear weapons in Belarus.

The future Hungarian composer and ethnomusicologist is born.

Bela Bartok is born in Nagyszentmiklos.

Birth of Jacob Rubenstein

Dies, opening the succession for Sisavang Vong

Covenanters under Leven & Royalists under Newcastle clash but the result is indecisive

Covenanters under Leven & Royalists under Newcastle clash but the result is indecisive

Jourdan was defeated by Archduke Charles at Stockach and withdrew toward Strasbourg during the War of the Second Coalition.

Defeats the French under Jourdan in Italy

Replaces the wounded Lefebvre at the Battle of Stokach. Fights at the Battle of Stokach, French General Jourdan is defeated

The entire 1st Panzer Army was now encircled in a pocket centred around the city of Kamenets-Podolsky. Just before the 1st Ukrainian Front had completed the encirclement, Hube had requested from OKH the authority to use mobile defence tactics during the breakout, a request which was quickly turned down

The entire 1st Panzer Army was now encircled in a pocket centred around the city of Kamenets-Podolsky

The port is declared safe and reopened

Crowned King of Scotia, son of Kenneth II

Crowns her husband, Robert I the Bruce

Has neither the Stone nor the crown of destiny but a glden "coronella" is substituted. Crowned by Isabel, Countess of Buchan who claims the "MacDuff right"

Officiates in the coronation of Robert I the Bruce