September 4 in History

David II is taken prisoner at the Battle of Nevilles Cross

Begins the siege of Calais following victory at the Battle of Crecy

Begins the long siege of Calais after the victory at Crecy

Captures Caen after a three week siege

Danish forces capture the strategic fortress of Alvsborg

Sweden loses Alvsborg to Danish forces early in the war

Scottish troops extend their occupation southward into County Durham.

Scottish troops extend their occupation southward into County Durham.

Joins the pursuit after the Scottish army collapses following Cromwell's victory at Dunbar.

Harrison reports that pursuing Parliamentarian forces have captured about fourteen hundred Royalist horse and foot after Worcester.

Cromwell releases newly raised local forces after the victory, reducing the military burden on counties that had answered Parliament's call.

Cromwell orders Worcester's walls pulled down and its defensive ditches filled after the Parliamentarian victory.

Thousands of Royalist prisoners are gathered at Worcester Cathedral while Cromwell's army secures the city after the battle.

Harrison leads thousands of Parliamentarian troops in pursuit of Royalist fugitives fleeing north from Worcester.

Charles II reaches White Ladies after riding through the night and disguises himself as a countryman to avoid Parliamentarian search parties.

Captures Perth

Barere was elected to the National Convention and generally aligned with the Plain before joining emergency government.

During the Fructidor coup, forces supporting Barras arrested leading royalist deputies and Director Barthelemy.

Removed from the Committee of Public Safety

Carries through the coup of 18 Fructidor, putting into place the Directory

Royalist movements are banished & many deputies move to Cayenne

Supports the Coup of 18th Fructidor

Barras backed the coup of 18 Fructidor and used troops under Augereau to remove royalist opponents from political power.

Removed from the Committee of Public Safety

Carnot escaped arrest during the Fructidor coup and went into hiding before leaving France.

After the coup of Fructidor, Tallien attempted to moderate the treatment of some politicians targeted by the victorious Directory.

The coup of 18 Fructidor included Carnot in the proscription because he had opposed the action taken by Barras and allied Directors.

Napoleon sent General Augereau to support the Directory during the anti-royalist coup of 18 Fructidor.

La Revelliere-Lepeaux helped drive the anti-royalist coup of 18 Fructidor after electoral gains threatened the republican Directory.

Sieyes supported the victorious anti-royalist side during the coup of 18 Fructidor.

Created Viscount Wellington of Talavera

Created Viscount Wellington of Talavera

Advances into Silesia to engage Blucher but Blucher retreats

Proposes separating federal funds from unstable private banks.

Convenes a special congressional session to address the financial crisis.

Publishes a Tribune article on corruption and bribery in British elections.

Robert E Lee surrenders to Ulysses S Grant at Appomattox Court House

Appointed Commander of Paris

Appointed Commander of Paris

Heads the new Provisional Government

After a popular uprising in Paris the Empire is toppled

Flees the Tuileries, fearful of the Paris mob after the French defeat at Sedan

Gambetta leads the new provisional Government

Appointed Head of the Provisional Government. Appointed Head of State for France

Appointed President of the Government of National Defence

Appointed President of the Government of National Defence

Heads the new Provisional Government

Appointed Head of the Provisional Government

Gambetta leads the new provisional Government

Takes power and later becomes a central figure in Colorado Party politics.

Pacheco begins a constitutional presidency supported by the Conservative Party.

Balmaceda loses the remaining effective naval support for his government.

Balmacedas las warships surrender

Participates in a memorial ceremony for General Gordon after the capture of Khartoum.

Murray had an important meeting with Gallieni (Military governor of Paris) and Maunoury (commander, French 6th Army) to discuss the planned Allied counterattack which would become the First Battle of the Marne

Ordes the 6th Army to advance east from Paris & attack the German First Armys flank

On the eve of the conference Lenin organizes a group of socialist internationalists, the Zimmerwald Left

On the eve of the conference Lenin organizes a group of socialist internationalists, the Zimmerwald Left

Heavy losses force Peyton's 2nd Mounted Division to reorganise its depleted mounted brigades into two composite formations.

On the eve of the conference Lenin organizes a group of socialist internationalists, the Zimmerwald Left

Is released as Bolsheviks gain prestige after the crisis.

By 4th September the German forces had withdrawn to the Hindenburg Line, the position from which they had advanced to make the offensives in the earlier part of the year

By early September German forces fall back toward the Hindenburg Line after Allied pressure following Amiens and the Somme battles.

The Lytton Report on the conflict between China and Japan accuses Japan of being the aggressor

The Lytton Report on the conflict between China and Japan accuses Japan of being the aggressor

The Lytton Report concludes that Japan acted as the aggressor in Manchuria and rejects Manchukuo as genuinely independent.

The Lytton Report on the conflict between China and Japan accuses Japan of being the aggressor

Helps lead the Sergeants' Revolt against the officer corps.

Appointed Prime Minister of Spain

Henlein rejects Benes offer of full autonomy for Sudetenland

Henlein rejects Benes offer of full autonomy for Sudetenland

Promises to meet Sudetenland leaders demands knowing they cannot be met. Henlein rejects Benes offer of full autonomy for Sudetenland

Forwards a motion in the House Assembly to remain neutral but defeated by 13 votes

Launches a program to build "Anderson" shelters. Given responsibility for interning enemy aliens, evacuations & building shelters

Cordell Hull proclaims American neutrality. Australia and New Zealand are at war with Germany

The day after the UK declared war on Germany, Turing reports to Bletchley Park, the wartime station of GC&CS

1st day at the Admiralty

Appointed Home Secretary

Crosses the Polish corridor

Forwards a motion in the House Assembly to remain neutral but defeated by 13 votes

Cordell Hull proclaims American neutrality

Comes to power on the abdication of King Carol II

Carol II appoints Antonescu prime minister with broad political powers.

Appointed Pro-German Head of State

Troops of 21st Army Group capture Antwerp and its docks largely intact during the rapid advance through Belgium.

A ceasefire is agreed between the Finns & the Soviet Forces on the Finnish front

A ceasefire is agreed between the Finns & the Soviet Forces on the Finnish front

The San Francisco Peace Treaty talks begin

Oversees the first Chilean presidential election in which women participate on equal national voting terms.

Oswald applied for a United States passport on September 4, 1959, while preparing to leave active Marine service.

Coaches Real Madrid to a 5-1 second-leg victory over Penarol and the Intercontinental Cup.

Kennedy receives authority to impose broader trade restrictions against Cuba.

Kennedy publicly warned that offensive weapons introduced into Cuba would create the gravest consequences.

Appointed Member of US Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit

King Idris appoints al-Qaddafi as the monarchy's final prime minister.

Helps supervise a "national-security" based burglary of Ellsbergs office

Howard Hunt burgals the office of the psychiatrist of Daniel Ellsberg, the leaker of the secret "Pentagon Papers" about the Vietnam War

Howard Hunt burgals the office of the psychiatrist of Daniel Ellsberg, the leaker of the secret "Pentagon Papers" about the Vietnam War

Howard Hunt burgals the office of the psychiatrist of Daniel Ellsberg, the leaker of the secret "Pentagon Papers" about the Vietnam War

Everette Howard Hunt maintains that the reason for the break-in was the belief they would find records proving the Democrats had received illegal campaign contributions from the Castro regime.

Everette Howard Hunt organizes the bugging of the Democratic National Committee at the Watergate office building and was also found to be responsible for a break-in at the office of Ellsberg's psychiatrist.

Howard Hunt burgals the office of the psychiatrist of Daniel Ellsberg, the leaker of the secret "Pentagon Papers" about the Vietnam War.

Everette Howard Hunt maintains that the reason for the break-in was the belief they would find records proving the Democrats had received illegal campaign contributions from the Castro regime.

Everette Howard Hunt organizes the bugging of the Democratic National Committee at the Watergate office building and was also found to be responsible for a break-in at the office of Ellsberg's psychiatrist.

Howard Hunt burgals the office of the psychiatrist of Daniel Ellsberg, the leaker of the secret "Pentagon Papers" about the Vietnam War.

His government ends in Helsinki, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Finland.

Takes office as Prime Minister of Finland and forms a government in Helsinki.

Appointed Director of the CIA

Hunt passed through federal detention in New York while being transported under custody for continuing Watergate proceedings.

Torrelio succeeds Garcia Meza as head of the military government.

Release It's Hard.

The Progressive Conservative Party wins 211 of the 282 seats in the House of Commons

Appointed Prime Minister of Canada

Appointed General Secretary of the Arab League

Appointed Prime Minister of New Zealand

Resigns as Prime Minister of New Zealand

Announces proposals for a new constitution that will provide black suffrage. Announces a new constitution that will provide suffrage for black people

Announces proposals for a new constitution that will provide black suffrage. Announces a new constitution that will provide suffrage for black people

Announces a new constitution that will provide suffrage for black people

Japanese-American relations are strained after the rape of a 12 yr schoolgirl by two US marines and a sailor, citing the end of the cold war, critics question the need to keep 45,000 US troops in Japan

Japanese-American relations are strained after the rape of a 12 yr schoolgirl by two US marines and a sailor, citing the end of the cold war, critics question the need to keep 45,000 US troops in Japan

Japanese-American relations are strained after the rape of a 12 yr schoolgirl by two US marines and a sailor, citing the end of the cold war, critics question the need to keep 45,000 US troops in Japan

Japanese-American relations are strained after the rape of a 12 yr schoolgirl by two US marines and a sailor, citing the end of the cold war, critics question the need to keep 45,000 US troops in Japan

Japanese-American relations are strained after the rape of a 12 yr schoolgirl by two US marines and a sailor, citing the end of the cold war, critics question the need to keep 45,000 US troops in Japan

He becomes the first former head of government convicted of genocide.

Receives life imprisonment after pleading guilty to genocide.

Albright participates in efforts to revive implementation of the Oslo agreements

Signs a memorandum intended to revive Oslo implementation.

Signs a memorandum with Arafat to revive delayed Oslo implementation.

Hosts and supports renewed implementation talks between Barak and Arafat.

The redeveloped Bullring opens with new retail streets and the Selfridges building.

Begins the First Topolanek Government in Prague and serves as Prime Minister of Czech Republic.

In Georgia US Vice President Dick Cheney condemned Russia for what he called an "illegitimate, unilateral attempt" to redraw this US allys borders by force

Accepts the Republican presidential nomination at the party convention

Keita assumes office after the election restoring constitutional presidential government.

Announces the withdrawal of the extradition bill.

Accepts the referendum result rejecting the first proposed replacement constitution.

Burnham introduces capped adult single fares of two pounds across Greater Manchester.

Mnangagwa is inaugurated for another presidential term.

BepiColombo completes its fourth Mercury flyby, continuing the sequence required to slow the spacecraft for orbital capture.

Birth of Alexander III, son of Alexander II of Scotland by his 2nd wife Marie de Coucy

Birth of Henry Stafford, son of Humphrey, Earl Stafford

Birth of Anthony Celebrezze

Death of Boniface I

Death of Joan of England, dies in childbirth & is veiled a nun on her deathbed

Death of Jean-Baptiste Nicolas Robert Schuman

Death of Creighton Abrams

Death of Aldo Rossi

One of the securities for the payment of David IIs ransom following the Battle of Nevilles Cross, and in consequence of the royal misappropriation of some moneys raised for this purpose. Commands a division of Scots, David II is captured

Edwards forces are in Calais

The Scots attack but are defeated by the Archbishop of York, de la Zouche. David II is taken prisoner

Participates in the victory at Nevilles Cross

Cromwell reports the total defeat of the Royalist army and describes the victory at Worcester as a crowning mercy.

Ordes the 6th Army to advance east from Paris & attack the German First Armys flank

Murray had an important meeting with Gallieni (Military governor of Paris) and Maunoury (commander, French 6th Army) to discuss the planned Allied counterattack which would become the First Battle of the Marne

Fights at the Battle of the Marne

The Auastrians discover plans to attack San Gabriele & mount a spoiling attack

By 4th September the German forces had withdrawn to the Hindenburg Line, the position from which they had advanced to make the offensives in the earlier part of the year

Athelstan was crowned at Kingston upon Thames in a ceremony led by Archbishop Athelm.