Confirmation of Chertsey Estates
A charter records Athelstan confirming an extensive group of estates and privileges to Chertsey Minster.
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On this date in world history
December 16 in History
This permanent archive page contains 182 World History Database records for December 16, spanning 933 to 2024. Recorded topics include Confirmation of Chertsey Estates; Death of William de Bohun; Peerage.
Total: 182Events: 166Births: 2Deaths: 3Battles: 11Countries: 35
Events on December 16
Peerage
Created Duke of Bedford, 3rd, by Henry VII
Aid to Mary Queen of Scots
Mary seeks aid from Elizabeth & France
Alliance Elizabeth I and Mary if France does not intervene
Elizabeth supports Mary if France does not intervene
Trial
Marys trial is moved to Hampton Court. Mary is tried at a tribunal as the Queen of Scotland
Trial
The trial of Mary Queen of Scots moves to Hampton Court. The trial is private as the Queen of Scotland cannot be tried by an English Court
Burial
Buried in St Pauls Cathedral, a State Funeral taking place at the Old St Pauls Cathedral
Scottish Commissioners Complaint
Scottish commissioners submitted accusations concerning Strafford's role in the wars and his actions against Scots in Ireland.
Constitution of England
Cromwell accepts the position of Lord Protector. As Protector, Cromwell has the power to call and dissolve Parliaments but is obliged under the Instrument of Government to seek the majority vote of a Council of State
Instrument of Government
As Protector, Cromwell has the power to call and dissolve Parliaments but is obliged under the Instrument of Government to seek the majority vote of a Council of State
Interregnum
Cromwell became Lord Protector under the written constitution called the Instrument of Government.
Lord Protector
Cromwell signs his name Oliver P, standing for Oliver Protector - in a similar style to that used by English monarchs - and it soon becomes the norm for others to address him as "Your highness". As Protector, Cromwell has the power to call and dissolve Parliaments but is obliged under the Instrument of Government to seek the majority vote of a Council of State. Appointed Lord Protector
Bill of Rights
Gives royal assent with Mary II to the Bill of Rights
Bill of Rights
Gives royal assent with William III to the Bill of Rights
Bill of Rights Enacted
William III of Orange gives royal assent to the Bill of Rights, placing major limits on arbitrary royal power and confirming parliamentary liberties.
Departure
Departs from Dunkirk to lead the Jacobites in Scotland
Invasion of Silesia
1st day of the Prussian invasion of Silesia
Invasion of Silesia
Personally leads an army of 40,000
Boston Tea Party
After a meeting held by Adams demonstrators board three vessels and dump all 342 chests of tea into the water
Boston Tea Party
Argues the Tea Party was not the act of a lawless mob, but was instead a principled protest and the only remaining option the people had to defend their constitutional rights
Boston Tea Party
Whether or not Samuel Adams helped plan the Boston Tea Party is disputed, but he immediately worked to publicize and defend it
Boston Tea Party
Aimed Tea Act of 1773, which allowed the British East India company to sell tea from China in American colonies without paying taxes
Boston Tea Party
Colonists object to the Tea Act because they believe it violates their rights to "no taxation without representation"
Boston Tea Party
Demonstrators destroy an entire shipment of tea sent by the East India Company
Boston Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party is a protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston
Boston Tea Party
The British Government responds harshly and the episode escalates into the American Revolution
Boston Tea Party
Colonists object to the Tea Act because they believe it violates their rights to "no taxation without representation"
Boston Tea Party
Benjamin Rush urges his fellow countrymen to oppose the landing of the tea, because the cargo contained "the seeds of slavery
Constitution of USA
Adams refers to the idea that all Governments have a constitution, written or not, and that the constitution of Great Britain could be interpreted as banning the levying of taxes without representation
Constitution of USA
Argues the Tea Party was not the act of a lawless mob, but was instead a principled protest and the only remaining option the people had to defend their constitutional rights
Reballion of Rebels in Boston
The 2nd cousin of President John Adams is the chief instigator of the Boston tea party. A protest against the British tea tax imposed on Colonialists in Massachusetts
Reballion of Rebels in Boston
Merchants board a boycotted ship to hold a tea Party & throw its tea overboard
Reballion of Rebels in Boston
Holds a tea party & throws tea overboard, followed by other American ports. Causes the British Parliament to place Boston under military rule
Reballion of Rebels in London
1st tea ship is boycotted in Boston by the British
Sons of Liberty
The Boston Tea Party is a protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston
Piano Concerto No 22
Completes Piano Concerto No 22 in E-flat major.
Siege of Toulon
Toulon is recaptured from the British. Directs a siege against a British squadron & wins promotion to General of brigade
Independence of South Africa
Carries the declaration of Transvaal independence to be printed.
Independence of Transvaal
Carries the declaration of Transvaal independence to be printed.
Potchefstroom Declaration
Carries the independence proclamation to Potchefstroom.
Siege of Potchefstroom
The 1st shots in the struggle for the Transvaal are fired against British soldiers
Burial
Funeral procession of Paulus Kruger, revives an Afrikaaner political revival
Prime Minister of Spain
Appointed Prime Minister of Spain, 3rd term
Election
Polling will commence from 12 January & finish 8 February. Announces a general election
Presnya Fighting
Revolutionaries resist government troops in Moscow districts.
Contributory Welfare Insurance
Creates contributory health and unemployment insurance for covered workers.
Health and Unemployment Insurance
Establishes contributory protection against sickness and unemployment.
National Insurance Act
Creates health insurance for many workers, a precursor to later NHS debates.
National Insurance Act
Secures Royal Assent for the National Insurance Act.
National Insurance Act
The National Insurance Act creates contributory health and unemployment insurance schemes.
National Insurance Act Royal Assent
Secures enactment of the National Insurance Act.
London Peace Conference Opens
Represents Ottoman interests as peace negotiations begin.
London Peace Conference Opens
Supports Serbian territorial claims during the London negotiations.
Film
Chaplin reports to work at Keystone Studios to launch a legendary film career
Bombing of Hartlepool
A German squadron bombs Hartlepool, Scarborough & Whitby
East Coast Bombardment
A German squadron bombards Hartlepool, Scarborough and Whitby.
German Battlecruisers Escape after Coastal Raid
Hipper's force escapes despite British interception attempts after bombarding Scarborough, Whitby and Hartlepool.
Hartlepool Bombardment Response Reviewed
Churchill reviews naval defensive arrangements after German battlecruisers bombard Hartlepool.
Japanese Foreign Minister declares Japan will not give up German islands occupied
Japanese Foreign Minister declares Japan will not give up German islands occupied north of the Equator
Japanese Foreign Minister declares Japan will not give up German islands occupied
Japanese Foreign Minister declares Japan will not give up German islands occupied north of the Equator
Scarborough Raid Interception Attempted
Beatty's battlecruisers participate in the British effort to intercept German forces returning from the east-coast raid.
Scarborough Raid Response Reviewed
The Admiralty reviews the German bombardment of Scarborough and the failure to force a decisive interception.
Armistice
The 28 day armistice with the Central Powers begins
Constitution of Germany
Ebert manages to enforce quick elections for a National Assembly to produce a constitution for a Parliamentary system, marginalizing the movement that called for a socialist republic
Election
Ebert manages to enforce quick elections for a National Assembly to produce a constitution for a Parliamentary system, marginalizing the movement that called for a socialist republic
National Assembly
Ebert manages to enforce quick elections for a National Assembly to produce a constitution for a Parliamentary system, marginalizing the movement that called for a socialist republic
National Congress of Councils
Ebert manages to enforce quick elections for a National Assembly to produce a constitution for a Parliamentary system, marginalizing the movement that called for a socialist republic. Ebert calls for a National Congress of Councils, which take place from December 16 to December 20, 1918, and in which the MSPD had the majority
Bolshevik Party
Drafts "Theses" for the Central Committee advocating disciplined armies of workers
Conscription
Drafts "Theses" for the Central Committee advocating disciplined armies of workers
End of Henri Carton de Wiart Government
The Henri Carton de Wiart Government ends in Brussels, concluding this period as Prime Minister of Belgium.
First Georges Theunis Government
Begins the First Georges Theunis Government in Brussels and serves as Prime Minister of Belgium.
Assassination of Gabriel Narutowicz
Assassinated by a nationalist fanatic
Assassination of Gabriel Narutowicz
Forms a cabinet of pacification after the assassination of Narutowicz
Government
Forms a cabinet of pacification after the assassination of Narutowicz
Prime Minister of Poland
Appointed Prime Minister of Poland, 1st term
Brussels Line
The League of Nations supports the "Brussels Line", the border between Turkey and Iraq
League of Nations
The League of Nations sets the border between Turkey and Iraq, putting the Mosul region in Iraq rather than Turkey despite the wishes of the local Kurdish population
Mosul Question
Turkey rejects but later accepts the League-backed Mosul decision.
Mosul Question
The League awards Mosul to Iraq over Turkish claims.
Rule of Kurds
The League of Nations sets the border between Turkey and Iraq, putting the Mosul region in Iraq rather than Turkey despite the wishes of the local Kurdish population
Rule of Mosul
The League of Nations sets the border between Turkey and Iraq, putting the Mosul region in Iraq rather than Turkey despite the wishes of the local Kurdish population
National Renaissance Front
Carol creates the National Renaissance Front as the sole legal political organisation.
Cumberland Joins River Plate Force
HMS Cumberland reaches Harwood's force off Montevideo, strengthening the cruisers waiting for Graf Spee to leave port.
Invasion of Borneo
Japanese forces land on the coast of Borneo
Bjorn Thordarson Government
Begins the Bjorn Thordarson Government and serves as Prime Minister of Iceland.
End of First Olafur Thors Government
The First Olafur Thors Government ends, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Iceland.
Prime Minister of Iceland
Appointed Prime Minister of Iceland
Soviet Winter Offensive
Gariboldi's 8th Army is struck by the Soviet offensive later known as Operation Little Saturn, breaking key sectors of the Don front.
Capture of Split
Partisans capture Split in Yugoslavia
Capture of Split
Partisans capture Split in Yugoslavia
Second Montelungo Attack
Leads renewed Italian attacks at Montelungo as co-belligerent forces prove their commitment against Germany.
Ardennes Offensive Launch Monitored
Jodl's OKW staff monitors the opening of the German offensive in the Ardennes.
Siege of Antwerp
The closest the Germans get to Antwerp is Dinant, well to the east of the Maas
Supports Delay on Polish Recognition
Supports Roosevelt's proposal that Stalin postpone a decision on Poland until the three leaders meet.
Third Army
16 Dec-28 Jan, leads the 3rd Army across France & into Germany
Government
Forms a Socialist Government
Prime Minister of France
Appointed Prime Minister of France
Diplomatic Negotiations at Moscow
Mao Tse-Tung has talks with Stalin in Moscow
Diplomatic Negotiations at Moscow
Mao Tse-Tung has talks with Stalin in Moscow
NHS Charges Power
Secures power to introduce charges, though implementation is delayed.
State of Emergency
A state of emergency is proclaimed in the USA after the reversals of the United Nations in Korea
Retirement
DiMaggio announces his retirement from baseball
Peerage
Created Earl Attlee and Viscount Prestwood
Prime Minister of Pakistan
Feroz Khan Noon becomes Prime Minister of Pakistan.
Falcón River Bridge Demolition
Rebel operations under Guevara cut the central highway by destroying the bridge over the Falcón River.
Planned Return to Cuba
A CIA biographical record stated that Fiorini planned to leave Florida on December 16, 1960, to return to Cuba and fight against Castro.
Bombing of Umkhonto
Bombs are exploded at power stations & Government offices by Umkhonto we Sizwe
Bombing of Umkhonto
Killed during the planting of bombs at power stations & Government offices by Umkhonto
Bombing of Umkhonto
Bombs are exploded at power stations & Government offices by Umkhonto we Sizwe. A bombing campaign held on the Afikaner Dinganes day, anniversarry Blood River
Farm Gate
Farm Gate aircraft are authorized to fly combat missions
Sabotage Campaign Begins
Mandela helps direct the organisation initial sabotage strategy.
Shadow Foreign Secretary
Appointed Shadow Foreign Secretary after changes to Labour's front-bench team.
Umkhonto We Sizwe
Leaflets are circulated nationally announcing the birth of Umkhonto we Sizwe
Umkhonto we Sizwe Launch
Umkhonto we Sizwe publicly announces its existence.
War Is Over! If You Want It!
"War Is Over! If You Want It!" billboards go up in 11 cities around the world, as a Christmas message from John Lennon and Yoko Ono
Film Debut
Appears in Love Story in his first feature film role
Love Story
Directs Love Story
Love Story
Stars as Jenny Cavalleri in Love Story
Ceasefire
India accepts the Pakistani surrender in the eastern theatre and announces a ceasefire on the western front.
End of 1971 War
The eastern war ends with the surrender of Pakistan's Eastern Command.
Independence of Bangladesh
Pakistan's Eastern Command surrenders in Dhaka, confirming Bangladesh's independence after India's military victory.
Independence of Bangladesh
The surrender at Dhaka ends the eastern campaign and secures the emergence of independent Bangladesh.
Independence of Bangladesh
Pakistani forces in East Pakistan surrender to the allied forces of India and Bangladesh, jointly known as the Mitro Bahini
Mitro Bahini
Pakistani forces in East Pakistan surrender to the allied forces of India and Bangladesh, jointly known as the Mitro Bahini
Surrender at Dhaka
Jagjit Singh Aurora accepts the surrender of Pakistani forces at Dhaka, ending organized resistance in East Pakistan.
Surrender Negotiations
J. F. R. Jacob helps negotiate the surrender terms that Pakistani forces sign in Dhaka on 16 December 1971.
Surrender of Eastern Command
Niazi signs the instrument of surrender for Pakistani forces in East Pakistan at Dhaka.
Apollo 17 Trans-Earth Injection
Pilots America during the maneuver that sends Apollo 17 from lunar orbit toward Earth.
Treaty of Accession
Leads Ireland when completion of accession-treaty ratification is formally notified.
Margaret Thatcher is visited by the Gorbachevs
Margaret Thatcher is visited by the Gorbachevs
Visit to London
The Gorbachevs visit Margaret Thatcher, Raisas 1st visit to western Europe
Visit to Moscow
Visits Margaret Thatcher at her invitation as an up & coming leader
INF Treaty Support
Welcomes the Washington summit and the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty as a basis for further verifiable arms-control agreements.
Constitution of Bulgaria
Mladenov sets a May 31 deadline for free elections in Bulgaria
Election
Mladenov sets a May 31 deadline for free elections in Bulgaria
Timisoara Protest
His attempted eviction sparks protests in Timisoara.
Election
Wins the presidential election
First Post-Soviet Government
Tereshchenko leads the first government after independence
Election
The Conservative Party candidate is heavily defeated in Dudley West
Large Hadron Collider Approval
Chairs the CERN Council meeting that approves construction of the Large Hadron Collider by consensus.
Large Hadron Collider Approval
Welcomes CERN Council approval for construction of the Large Hadron Collider as the laboratory's next major high-energy physics project.
Euro Changeover Plan
Supports the changeover scenario setting the route from national currencies to the euro.
Euro Changeover Plan
Supports the changeover scenario establishing the timetable for the single currency.
Euro Changeover Plan
Supports the timetable and legal preparations for the future single currency.
Euro Name Agreement
Chirac joined European leaders in adopting the name euro for the future single currency.
Euro Name and Changeover Plan
Supports the Madrid changeover scenario establishing euro as the name of the future single currency.
Europa Extended-Mission Flyby
Galileo makes a close Europa flyby as the extended Galileo Europa Mission begins.
Accepts Pretoria Transition Framework
Accepts the Global and Inclusive Agreement establishing institutions for a postwar political transition.
Global and Inclusive Agreement
Joins Congolese parties in approving the Global and Inclusive Agreement that establishes a power-sharing transition.
Global and Inclusive Agreement
Accepts the power-sharing agreement that creates a transitional political system for the postwar period.
WMD Commission Membership Announced
Presents the fourteen-member Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission and outlines the principal questions its international membership will examine.
Termination Shock
Voyager 1 crosses the solar-wind termination shock and enters the heliosheath.
Voyager 1 Termination Shock Crossing
Leads interpretation of Voyager 1 measurements as the spacecraft crosses the termination shock where the supersonic solar wind abruptly slows and heats.
Bombing of Dohuk Province
With the help of the US military, Turkish fighter jets bomb areas in Dohuk Province in northern Iraq, targeting the Kurdish militant group, the Kurdistan Workers Party
Invasion of Iraq
With the help of the US military, Turkish fighter jets bomb areas in Dohuk Province in northern Iraq, targeting the Kurdish militant group, the Kurdistan Workers Party
Constitution of Bangladesh
Bangladeshs military-backed Government says it will end nearly two years of emergency rule and restore civil liberties before this months national elections
Election
Bangladeshs military-backed Government says it will end nearly two years of emergency rule and restore civil liberties before this months national elections
New Horizons
New Horizons begins another scheduled hibernation cycle while continuing its multi-year cruise toward Pluto.
State of Emergency
Bangladeshs military-backed Government says it will end nearly two years of emergency rule and restore civil liberties before this months national elections
Zero Interest Rate Policy
The Federal Reserve lowers the federal funds target range to near zero.
Large Hadron Collider Collision Record
Sees the Large Hadron Collider produce 2.36 TeV proton collisions, setting a new world record for collider energy.
Club World Cup Victory
Guides Corinthians to victory over Chelsea in the world final.
Venus Express Mission End
ESA ends Venus Express operations after fuel depletion following more than eight years of observations around Venus.
Predicted Supernova Refsdal
Kelly helps predict and then identify the reappearance of gravitationally lensed Supernova Refsdal in Hubble images.
Club World Cup Final Winning Goal
Scores the only goal against Gremio as Real Madrid retain the Club World Cup.
Resignation of Chrystia Freeland
Resigns from cabinet after serving as deputy prime minister and finance minister.
Births on December 16
Birth of Robert Bertie
Birth of Robert Bertie, later first Earl of Lindsey
Birth of John Selden
Birth of John Selden
Deaths on December 16
Death of William de Bohun
Death of William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton
Death of William Petty
William Petty dies in London.
Death of Gabriel Narutowicz
Death of Gabrie Narutowicz, assassinated
Battles on December 16
Battle of Blood River
With 500 defeats 10,000 Zulus under Dingane. Held by the Afrikaner as a triumph over the African demonstrating God is on their side. Afrikaners hold the day to be "holy" & annualy celebrate its anniversary
Battle of Elli
The Ottoman fleet is driven back by Greece.
Battle of Elli
Defeats the Ottoman fleet off the Dardanelles.
Battle of Bulge
1st day of operations to split the Allies & cut off their supplies
Battle of Bulge
1st day of operations to split the Allies & cut off their supplies
Battle of Bulge
An offensive orderred by Hitler to split the British & Americans & drive for Antwerp. 16 Dec-28 Jan, Hitler's "watch on the Rhine"
Battle of Bulge
First day of operations to split the Allies & cut off from their supplies
Battle of Bulge
The closest the Germans get to Antwerp is Dinant, well to the east of the Maas. Ordered by Hitler, Model prefers just to take out the US salient at Aachen
Battle of Bulge
16 Dec-28 Jan, leads the 3rd Army across France & into Germany
Battle of Bulge
The Germans advance 50 miles, the Bulge. 16 Dec-28 Jan, a final offensive in the Ardennes 3 German armies attack 4 US divisions
Battle of Basantar
Arun Khetrapal fights Pakistani armour at Basantar and is killed after refusing to abandon his damaged tank.