June 12 in History

Constitution of England

An oath must be taken to support the constitution

Constitution of England

Parliament must be called 3 times a yr. An oath must be taken to support the constitution

Council of Oxford

The Council of Oxford appoints a committee of 24 who produce the Provisions of Oxford

Oath

An oath must be taken to support the constitution

Provisions of Oxford

Under the Provisions of Oxford Parliament has to be called 3 times a yr. An oath must be taken to support the constitution. Administration is shared by a Council of Barons & the King

Provisions of Oxford

The Council of Oxford appoints a committee of 24 who produce the Provisions of Oxford

Constitution of England

Henry & the Barons must take an oath to observe the Provisions of Oxford.

Constitution of England

Parliament will be held 3 times a yr & the households of the king and queen reformed.

Constitution of England

Seven leading barons forced Henry to agree to the Provisions of Oxford, which effectively abolished the absolutist Anglo-Norman monarchy, giving power to a council of fifteen barons.

Constitution of England

Under the Provisions of Oxford Parliament will be held 3 times a yr & the households of the King and Queen reformed.

Provisions of Oxford

Henry III was forced to give up power to a newly elected Council of Barons.

Provisions of Oxford

Henry was forced to take part in the swearing of a collective oath to the Provisions of Oxford.

Provisions of Oxford

Seven leading barons forced Henry to agree to the Provisions of Oxford, which effectively abolished the absolutist Anglo-Norman monarchy, giving power to a council of fifteen barons.

Provisions of Oxford

Under the Provisions of Oxford, Parliament would meet three times a year, and the households of the king and queen would be reformed.

Reform of Parliament

Under the Provisions of Oxford Parliament will be held 3 times a yr & the households of the King and Queen reformed

Rule of Essex

Edward I declares forfeit all Douglas lands in Esssex & Northumberland

Rule of Esssex

Edward I declares forfeit all Douglas lands in Esssex & Northumberland

Rule of Northumberland

Edward I declares forfeit all Douglas lands in Esssex & Northumberland

Rule of Northumberland

Edward I declares forfeit all Douglas lands in Esssex & Northumberland

Siege of London

Essex rebels reach the Mile End & Kentish rebels reach Blackheath

Capture of Jargeau

Joan of Arcs army captures Jargeau after a brief siege

Capture of Jargeau

Joan of Arcs army captures Jargeau after a brief siege

Siege of Jargeau

Joan of Arcs army captures Jargeau after a brief siege

Siege of Jargeau

Joan of Arcs army captures Jargeau after a brief siege

Capture of Naples

Completes the capture of Naples

Marriage

Anne of Cleves is ordered to leave court

Succession

Edward VI orders Mary & Elizabeth to be made "illegitimate & lawfully begotten"

Succession

Judges are shown Edward's devise for the succession and asked to put his proposed settlement into legal form.

Succession

Edward VI orders Mary & Elizabeth to be made "illegitimate & lawfully begotten"

Succession

Edward VI orders Mary & Elizabeth to be made "illegitimate & lawfully begotten"

Discovery of Orinoco

Sets sail for the Orinoco

Governor

Appointed Governor of Massachusetts

Mobilization

Cromwell joins forces with Fairfax & Parliament has an Army of more than 13,000 men

Mobilization

Cromwell joins forces with Fairfax & Parliament has an Army of more than 13,000 men

Mobilization

Fairfax arrives 12 miles from where Charles is at Daventry to the latters surprise

Raid on the Medway

The Dutch raid on the Medway exposes weaknesses in English naval defence during Monck's later career.

Crossing of the Rhine

Crosses the Rhine during the Dutch campaign.

French Invasion of Dutch Republic

French forces cross the Rhine during the invasion of the Dutch Republic, confronting William III of Orange with the defining military crisis of his early career.

Siege of Barcelona

Vendome begins the successful French siege of Barcelona, one of the war's last major operations.

Governor

Appointed governor to Queen Anne's son, William, Duke of Gloucester.

Act of Settlement

William III of Orange gives royal assent to the Act of Settlement, which secures the future English succession in the Protestant House of Hanover.

Designated Successor

Sophia becomes the designated Protestant successor after Anne under the Act of Settlement.

Heir Presumptive

Anne remains first in the Protestant succession established by Parliament.

Judicial Tenure Reform

William III of Orange assents to the Act of Settlement, including provisions that strengthen the security of judicial tenure.

Succession Expectation

George Louis becomes the principal future beneficiary of his mother's designated succession.

Marriage

Marries Frederick II the Great

Marriage

Marries Elizabeth Christine of Brunswick-Bevern

Execution of John Hughson

Hughson was executed after being convicted during the conspiracy panic and mass prosecutions.

Constitution of USA

Congress appoints a committee headed by John Dickinson to prepare a confederation plan

Paris Symphony

The Paris Symphony is first performed in Paris.

Invasion of Papal States

Begins the invasion of Papal territory

Excommunication

Pius VII excommunicates Napoleon Bonaparte

Excommunication

Pius VII excommunicates Napoleon Bonaparte

Evacuation

The French evacuate Madrid

Prague Uprising

Suppresses the Prague uprising.

Reconnaissance of Russian Camp

Reconnoitres the Russian camp outside Kars before the first major attack.

Annual Message to Congress

Lincoln sends his fourth annual message to Congress

Constitution of Venezuela

The Constitution of 1893 restored direct presidential elections and extended the presidential term.

Calls for citizens not to aid Cuban insurgents

Calls for citizens not to aid Cuban insurgents who are rising up against Spanish rule

Siege of Peking

Boxers attack the Allied naval force south of Peking

Abdication

Abdicates in favour of his younger son Alexander

Republican Convention

Nominated as Calvin Coolidge's Republican running mate.

Conference of World Economic

Opens the 64 Country conference in Kensington, London

Chaco Armistice

Accepts the armistice that ends active fighting in the Chaco War.

Chaco Victory

Emerges as national hero after the Chaco War armistice.

Long March

The Communist 4th Front Army joins up with Mao, Chu Teh & the 1st Front Army

Long March

The Communist 4th Front Army joins up with Mao, Chu Teh & the 1st Front Army

Long March

The Communist 4th Front Army joins up with Mao, Chu Teh & the 1st Front Army

Long March

The Red Army crosses the Great Snow Mountains

Red Army

The Red Army crosses the Great Snow Mountains

Capture of Anking

Japanese forces capture Anqing during their advance along the Yangtze River.

Coming Up for Air

Publishes Coming Up for Air.

Great Britain and Russia Negotiations

Continues questioning the government's attempts to construct a collective-security agreement with the Soviet Union.

Invasion of France

Rommels 7th Panzer Div reaches St Valery

Commander of LXXXIV Corps

Appointed Commander of the LXXXIV Corps

Armament

Completes the plan for the defense of Britain

Defence

Draws a line from Edinburgh to the Medway & Bristol to London of ditches & "pillboxes"

Medical Diploma

The University of Buenos Aires issues Guevara's medical diploma after completion of his medical studies.

National Assembly

The Government loses an important vote in the National Assembly & falls from power

Resignation of Joseph Laniel

The Government loses an important vote in the National Assembly & falls from power

First Premiership Ends

Resigns after his first long premiership

Prime Minister Takes Office

Ba Swe becomes Prime Minister after U Nu resigns

Prime Minister of Japan

Appointed Prime Minister of Japan, 2nd term

International Goodwill Tour Begins

Guevara leaves Cuba on a government mission through Europe, Africa and Asia to develop diplomatic and economic relations.

Far East Presidential Tour Begins

Begins a Far East trip covering the Philippines, Taiwan and Korea after the planned Japan visit becomes untenable.

Return to Pretoria Prison

Is returned from Robben Island to Pretoria Local Prison.

Rivonia Case Preparation

Remains incarcerated as the Rivonia prosecution develops.

Life Sentence

Is sentenced to life imprisonment after the Rivonia Trial.

Political Prison Sentence

Is sentenced for sabotage-related offences with fellow defendants.

Rivonia Life Sentence

Receives a life sentence at the Rivonia Trial.

Rivonia Life Sentence

Receives life imprisonment in the Rivonia Trial.

Rivonia Life Sentence

Receives life imprisonment at the end of the Rivonia Trial.

Rivonia Life Sentence

Receives life imprisonment following the Rivonia verdict.

Rivonia Trial Sentencing

Avoids the death penalty but faces indefinite incarceration.

Sabotage Conviction

Becomes the only white defendant among those given life imprisonment.

Sabotage Conviction

Is convicted alongside other senior liberation movement leaders.

Sabotage Conviction

Is sentenced with Mandela and other accused leaders.

Soviet-East German Friendship Treaty

Signs a twenty-year friendship treaty with East Germany.

Treaty Signed at Moscow

Russia signs a 20 year Treaty of fiendship with East Germany

Beatles, The

The Beatles are awarded Englands prestigious MBE (Members of the Order of the British Empire). John comments, "I thought you had to drive tanks and win wars to get the MBE"

Honours

The Beatles are awarded an MBE in the Queens Birthday Honours List

MBE

The Beatles are awarded an MBE in the Queens Birthday Honours List

MBE

The Beatles are awarded an MBE in the Queens Birthday Honours List

MBE

The Beatles are awarded an MBE in the Queens Birthday Honours List

President of Pakistan

Ayub Khan continues as President following the 1965 indirect election.

Rolling Stones, The

Rolling Stones release "Satisfaction"

Mobilization

Vance & McNanamara advise against accepting the JCS proposals for further forces

UN General Assembly Endorses NPT

The United Nations General Assembly endorses the draft Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.

Gasoline Alley

Releases Gasoline Alley, strengthening his mixture of folk, rock and soul influences.

Lola

The Kinks release Lola.

Some Time in New York City

"Some Time in New York City" is loud, raucous, and explicitly political, with songs about prison riots, racial and sexual relations, the British role in Northern Ireland, and his own problems in obtaining a US Green Card. Some Time in New York City, a double album by John Lennon backed by the New York rock group Elephants Memory is released

Maurice Stans Testimony

Oversees testimony from Maurice Stans as the committee examines campaign finance practices and the handling of money associated with Nixon's reelection organization.

Election

A judge rules the 1971 election victory invalid because of aid by civil servants.

Election

The Allahabad High Court invalidates Indira Gandhi's 1971 election for electoral malpractice, triggering a major political crisis.

Trial

The Allahabad High Court invalidates Indira Gandhi's 1971 election, intensifying the political confrontation that precedes the Emergency.

1st Channel Crossing

Pedals the flying "Gossamer Albatross" over the English Channel

Election

Death of Masayoshi Ohira during the election

Equaliser Against England

Scores Belgium's equaliser three minutes after England take the lead in their 1-1 European Championship draw.

Goal Against Belgium

Scores England's goal with a lofted finish in the 1-1 European Championship draw with Belgium.

Government

Reagan says he will submit to periodic medical tests

Prime Minister of Japan

Appointed caretaker Prime Minister of Japan, after the death Masayoshi Ohira

Venice European Council

Hosts the European Council as Italy leads discussions on foreign policy, energy and economic cooperation.

Venice European Council

Represents Ireland as leaders discuss economic conditions and European political cooperation.

Venice European Council

Represents Germany at the Venice European Council during discussions on economic policy and European political cooperation.

Constitution of Poland

Proposes a major reconstruction of the Government to tackle economic problems

Dismissal

Dismisses 5 cabinet ministers

Exocet Hit on Glamorgan

Commands Glamorgan when a shore-launched Exocet strikes the destroyer, killing members of the ship's company.

Iberian Accession Treaties

Delors welcomed the accession treaties for Spain and Portugal as a major expansion of democratic Europe.

Treaty of Accession

Craxi represents Italy during the treaty ceremonies completing negotiations with the Iberian applicants.

Treaty of Accession

FitzGerald backs Ireland's consent to the treaty expanding the Communities to Spain and Portugal.

Treaty of Accession

Signs Portugal's Treaty of Accession as Foreign Minister alongside Mario Soares and Rui Machete.

Treaty of Accession

Signs Spain's Treaty of Accession to the European Communities at the Royal Palace in Madrid.

Treaty of Accession

Kohl represents West Germany in the member-state settlement admitting Spain and Portugal.

Treaty of Accession

Lubbers represents the Netherlands as the enlargement treaty is concluded with Spain and Portugal.

Treaty of Accession

Signs Portugal's accession treaty as Deputy Prime Minister during the Lisbon ceremony.

Treaty of Accession

Martens represents Belgium as the Community agrees the terms for Spanish and Portuguese membership.

Treaty of Accession

Mitterrand represents France as the Communities conclude accession terms with Spain and Portugal.

Treaty of Accession

Signs Spain's accession treaty as Foreign Minister alongside Prime Minister Felipe Gonzalez.

Treaty of Accession

Papandreou supports Greece's participation in the enlargement agreement with the two Iberian applicants.

Treaty of Accession

Santer supports Luxembourg's approval of Spanish and Portuguese accession to the Communities.

Treaty of Accession

Schluter backs Denmark's approval of the southern enlargement treaty signed in Madrid and Lisbon.

Treaty of Accession

Signs Portugal's Treaty of Accession to the European Communities in Lisbon.

Treaty of Accession

Thatcher represents Britain as member governments conclude the 1985 accession treaty with Spain and Portugal.

Emergency Rule Expanded

Security forces receive extensive powers of detention and censorship.

Nationwide State of Emergency

Declares a nationwide state of emergency.

Princess Royal

Elizabeth II awards her daughter Princess Anne the title of "Princess Royal"

Princess Royal

Elizabeth II awards her daughter Princess Anne the title of "Princess Royal"

Shadow Treasury Appointment

Brown becomes Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury.

Great Green Charter

Libya proclaims a rights charter presented as limiting arbitrary punishment and state interference.

Constitution of Russia

The Russian Federation declares itself a sovereign state

Government

Forms a new right-wing Government

Long-Range Goal Against South Korea

Strikes Belgium's second goal from distance in the 64th minute to secure a 2-0 World Cup victory over South Korea.

Opening Goal Against South Korea

Breaks the deadlock in the 53rd minute as Belgium begin their 2-0 World Cup victory over South Korea.

Russian Sovereignty Declaration

Leads the Russian Congress as it adopts the Declaration of State Sovereignty, asserting the supremacy of Russian law.

Sovereignty Vote Put to Congress

Places the Declaration of State Sovereignty before the Russian Congress, which adopts it by an overwhelming majority.

Constitution of Russia

Russia stages it 1st ever general election

Constitution of Russia

The people of Leningrad vote by 55% to 43% to change their city name to Saint Petersburg

Election

Russia stages it 1st ever general election

First Direct Russian Presidential Election

Wins Russia's first direct presidential election with about fifty-seven percent of the vote.

International Convention Centre

Elizabeth II officially opens Birmingham's International Convention Centre.

Referendum

The people of Leningrad vote by 55% to 43% to change their city name to Saint Petersburg

Referendum

The people of Leningrad vote by 55% to 43% to change their city name to Saint Petersburg

Awami League

The Election Commission of Bangladesh announces that the liberal Awami League of Hasina Wajed won 126 seats, the centrist National Party 103 seats, and the Jatiya Party 28

Election

The Election Commission of Bangladesh announces that the liberal Awami League of Hasina Wajed won 126 seats, the centrist National Party 103 seats, and the Jatiya Party 28

Kargil Diplomacy

Sartaj Aziz meets Indian External Affairs Minister Jaswant Singh in New Delhi to discuss the Kargil confrontation.

Jeddah Border Treaty

Signs a border treaty with Saudi Arabia.

Saudi-Yemeni Border Settlement

The agreement resolves a longstanding territorial dispute.

BrahMos First Launch

A. Sivathanu Pillai leads BrahMos Aerospace when the supersonic BrahMos missile completes its maiden successful launch.

Tenet Plan

Meets Yasser Arafat and obtains Palestinian acceptance of the security work plan with reservations.

State Prize

President Putin personally visits the writer at his home to give him the award

First Lisbon Treaty Referendum

Cowen responds to the first Lisbon referendum defeat and opens discussions with European partners.

Lisbon Treaty Referendum

Acknowledges the rejection of the Lisbon Treaty, with 53.4 percent of voters opposing ratification.

Economic Reform

Al-Khasawneh participates in economic reform connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.

Diving Header Against Nigeria

Scores with a powerful diving header from a corner as Argentina defeat Nigeria 1-0 in Johannesburg.

Banking Standards Commission Service Ends

Completes his service on the Parliamentary Commission on Banking Standards after contributing to its examination of reform in the banking sector.

EU Financial Affairs Sub-Committee Membership

Joins the House of Lords EU Financial Affairs Sub-Committee and participates in parliamentary scrutiny of European financial and economic matters.

First Cabinet Meeting

Holds first full Cabinet meeting praising administration achievements.

North Korea Singapore Summit

Meets Kim Jong Un in Singapore to discuss denuclearisation.

Singapore Trade Remarks

Links trade and security in remarks during North Korea summit.

Head of State Assumes Office

Tokayev formally assumes the head-of-state role after election

President Sworn In

Tokayev takes the oath as President of Kazakhstan

European Championship Goal Against Russia

Scores after coming on as a substitute in Belgium's 3-0 European Championship victory over Russia.

April GDP Contraction

ONS initially estimates that monthly GDP contracted by 0.3 percent in April 2025.

Birth of Charles Kingsley

Birth of Charles Kingsley

Birth of Oliver Lodge

Birth of Oliver Lodge

Birth of Robert Anthony Eden

Birth of Charles Kingsley

Birth of Charles Kingsley

Death of Leo III

Death of Leo III

Death of Athelflaed

Death of Athelflaed

Death at Okehazama

Yoshimoto is killed during Nobunaga's surprise attack

Death of Erich Marcks

Death of Erich Marcks, fatally wounded during an Allied air attack

Death of Masayoshi Ohira

Death of Masayoshi Ohira during the election

Death of Gregory Peck

Death of Gregory Peck

Death of Vijay Rupani

Dies in the Air India Flight 171 crash.

Battle of Okehazama

Nobunaga defeats the larger army of Imagawa Yoshimoto

Battle of Borough Hill

Initial contact between Fairfax and the King's army at Borough Hill

Battle of San Pasqual

United States and Californio forces fight at San Pasqual in California

Battle of Bellau Wood

The last German position is taken

Battle of Mount Longdon

Commands the Argentine forces

Battle of Mount Longdon

Is killed while attacking Argentine positions.

Battle of Mount Longdon

Helps capture Mount Longdon, commands 3 Para

Coronation

Crowned King of Italy, 1442-1458