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On this date in world history

September 3 in History

This permanent archive page contains 248 World History Database records for September 3, spanning 1189 to 2023. Recorded topics include Coronation; Massacre; Siege of Tours.

Total: 248Events: 195Births: 5Deaths: 8Battles: 39Coronations: 1Countries: 34

Events on September 3

Massacre

1189 · Richard I the Lionheart · England · York · House · House of Plantagenet

During Richards coronation many of the Jews in York are massacred

Siege of Tours

1356 · Edward the Black Prince · England · Tours · Warfare · Hundred Years War

Edward the Black Prince plunders Tours

Siege of Lisbon

1384 · Nuno Alvares Pereira · Portugal · Lisbon · House · House of Avis

The siege ends in a disaster for Castille. A plague outbreak together with the constant attacks by Portuguese forces led by Nuno Alvares Pereira causes huge casualties among the Castilian ranks, who are forced to retreat four months after the start of the siege

Siege of Lisbon

1384 · John I · Portugal · Lisbon · House · House of Avis

The siege ends in a disaster for Castille. A plague outbreak together with the constant attacks by Portuguese forces led by Nuno Alvares Pereira causes huge casualties among the Castilian ranks, who are forced to retreat four months after the start of the siege

Siege of Etall Castle

1513 · James IV · Scotland · Etal Castle · Warfare · Military

Etall Castle surrenders to the Scots

Capture of Szekesfehervar

1543 · Suleyman I the Magnificent · Turkey · Szekesfehervar · Warfare · Suleymans West War

Captures Szekesfehervar after an Ottoman siege.

Ottoman Capture of Stuhlweissenburg

1543 · Suleyman I the Magnificent · Turkey · Szekesfehervar · Warfare · Suleymans West War

The former Hungarian coronation city falls to Suleyman's army.

Civil War

1650 · Alexander Leslie · Scotland · Dunbar · Warfare · Civil War

Defeated despite having a force of 22,000, a 2:1 advantage

Interregnum

1650 · Oliver Cromwell · England · Dunbar · House · House of Stewart

Cromwell defeated the Scottish army supporting Charles II at Dunbar.

Advance on the Teme

1651 · Charles Fleetwood · England · River Teme · Warfare · Civil War

Fleetwood advances along the west bank of the Severn toward the Teme crossings as the Parliamentarian attack begins.

Arrest of Maitland

1651 · Maitland · Scotland · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Captured at the Battle of Worcester, fights for the Royalists

Arrest of William Drummond

1651 · William Drummond · Scotland · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Arrested at the Battle of Worcester but escapes & returns to the Highlands

Assault on Powick Bridge

1651 · Richard Deane · England · Powick Bridge · Warfare · Civil War

Deane attacks Powick Bridge with Parliamentarian troops, fixing Scottish defenders while Fleetwood seeks another crossing of the Teme.

Bombardment from Fort Royal

1651 · Oliver Cromwell · England · Fort Royal · Warfare · Civil War

Cromwell's forces turn captured guns at Fort Royal against Worcester as Royalist resistance disintegrates.

Capture after Worcester

1651 · John Maitland · Scotland · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

John Maitland, Earl of Lauderdale, is captured among the senior Scottish Royalists after Worcester.

Capture at Powick Bridge

1651 · Keith · Scotland · Powick Bridge · Warfare · Civil War

Keith is captured after his defenders lose their position at Powick Bridge and Parliamentarian troops force a crossing.

Capture at Worcester

1651 · Thomas Dalyell · Scotland · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Dalyell is captured after fighting for Charles II at Worcester and is later imprisoned in the Tower of London.

Capture at Worcester

1651 · John Leslie · Scotland · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Leslie, Earl of Rothes, is captured with other senior Scottish officers after the Royalist army collapses at Worcester.

Capture of Fort Royal

1651 · Oliver Cromwell · England · Fort Royal · Warfare · Civil War

Parliamentarian troops seize Fort Royal during Cromwell's final assault, breaking a major part of Worcester's south-eastern defence.

Charge at Perry Wood

1651 · William Hamilton · Scotland · Perry Wood · Warfare · Civil War

Hamilton leads Royalist and Scottish troops in a determined charge against Parliamentarian positions around Perry Wood.

Counterattack at Red Hill

1651 · Charles II · England · Red Hill · Warfare · Civil War

Charles II personally rallies Royalist troops for a counterattack against the weakened Parliamentarian positions east of Worcester.

Crossing of Powick Bridge

1651 · Richard Deane · England · Powick Bridge · Warfare · Civil War

Deane finally carries Powick Bridge after the Scottish position begins collapsing under pressure from the flanking attack.

Crossing of the Severn

1651 · Oliver Cromwell · England · River Severn · Warfare · Civil War

Cromwell personally leads three brigades across the Severn pontoon to reinforce the Parliamentarian attack west of the river.

Defence of Powick Bridge

1651 · Keith · Scotland · Powick Bridge · Warfare · Civil War

Keith holds Powick Bridge against Deane's repeated efforts to force a Parliamentarian crossing.

Defence of Powick Hams

1651 · Montgomery · Scotland · Powick Hams · Warfare · Civil War

Montgomery commands Scottish troops defending the meadows north of the Teme and coordinates resistance around Powick Bridge.

Defence of Teme Crossing

1651 · Pitscottie · Scotland · River Teme · Warfare · Civil War

Pitscottie's Highlanders defend the Teme crossing near the river confluence against Fleetwood's advancing Parliamentarian troops.

Escape from Worcester

1651 · Charles II · England · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Charles II abandons the defeated Royalist army and escapes north from Worcester with a small group of companions.

Escape from Worcester

1651 · George Villiers · England · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Villiers escapes from Worcester with Charles II after Parliamentarian forces overwhelm the Royalist army.

Escape from Worcester

1651 · Henry Wilmot · England · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Wilmot escapes the Royalist defeat at Worcester and remains among the small group assisting Charles II's flight.

Flanking Attack

1651 · Oliver Cromwell · England · Powick Hams · Warfare · Civil War

Cromwell's brigades strike the Scottish flank while Fleetwood presses from the front, forcing the defenders away from the Teme.

Guides Charles II from Worcester

1651 · James Stanley · England · Worcestershire · Warfare · Civil War

Stanley helps guide Charles II away from Worcester toward the Royalist refuges around Boscobel after the battle.

Interregnum

1651 · Charles II · England · Worcester · House · House of Stewart

Charles suffered defeat at Worcester during his attempt to recover the English throne.

Observation from Worcester Cathedral

1651 · Charles II · England · Worcester Cathedral · Warfare · Civil War

Charles II watches the developing battle from Worcester Cathedral tower before leaving to rally troops east of the Severn.

Pontoon Crossing

1651 · Charles Fleetwood · England · River Teme · Warfare · Civil War

Fleetwood's advance guard crosses the floating bridge over the Teme but meets determined resistance from Pitscottie's Highlanders.

Pontoon Crossing

1651 · John Lambert · England · River Teme · Warfare · Civil War

Lambert supports the Parliamentarian effort to secure the Teme crossing and push the Scottish defenders back toward Worcester.

Reinforcement of Perry Wood

1651 · Oliver Cromwell · England · Perry Wood · Warfare · Civil War

Cromwell reinforces the eastern fighting after Charles II's counterattack threatens Parliamentarian positions around Perry Wood.

Repulse of Parliamentarian Advance

1651 · Pitscottie · Scotland · River Teme · Warfare · Civil War

Pitscottie's Highlanders initially drive back Parliamentarian troops after they cross the pontoon over the Teme.

Reserve at Wickfield

1651 · Dalziel · Scotland · Wickfield · Warfare · Civil War

Dalziel holds a Scottish reserve on higher ground between Powick and Worcester while the fighting develops along the Teme.

Retreat to Worcester

1651 · Dalziel · Scotland · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Dalziel's reserve falls back toward Worcester as the Scottish defensive line south of the city collapses.

Retreat to Worcester

1651 · Pitscottie · Scotland · St John's · Warfare · Civil War

Pitscottie's Highlanders retreat toward Worcester after being attacked from the front and flank near the Teme crossings.

Royalist Sortie through Sidbury Gate

1651 · Charles II · England · Sidbury Gate · Warfare · Civil War

Charles II moves through Sidbury Gate toward Fort Royal and Perry Wood while rallying troops for the eastern counterattack.

Scottish Cavalry at Pitchcroft

1651 · David Leslie · Scotland · Pitchcroft · Warfare · Civil War

Leslie commands Scottish cavalry positioned around Pitchcroft while the decisive fighting develops south and east of Worcester.

Wounding at Perry Wood

1651 · William Hamilton · Scotland · Perry Wood · Warfare · Civil War

Hamilton is mortally wounded during the Royalist counterattack at Perry Wood and is carried back into Worcester.

Wounding at Worcester

1651 · Montgomery · Scotland · Powick Hams · Warfare · Civil War

Montgomery is badly wounded as Parliamentarian forces gain control of the north bank of the Teme.

First Protectorate Parliament

1654 · Oliver Cromwell · England · Westminster · Government · Protectorate Parliament

The first Protectorate Parliament meets for the first time

First Protectorate Parliament

1654 · William Lenthall · England · Westminster · Government · Protectorate Parliament

Serves as Speaker when the First Protectorate Parliament assembles

Interregnum

1654 · Oliver Cromwell · England · Westminster · House · House of Stewart

Cromwell opened the First Protectorate Parliament under the new constitutional system.

Protectorate Parliament Opening

1654 · Oliver Cromwell · England · Westminster · Government · Protectorate Parliament

Addresses the first Protectorate Parliament at its inaugural meeting

Interregnum

1658 · Oliver Cromwell · England · Whitehall · House · House of Stewart

Oliver Cromwell died, destabilising the Protectorate settlement.

Interregnum

1658 · Richard Cromwell · England · Whitehall · House · House of Stewart

Richard Cromwell succeeded his father without possessing comparable military authority.

Lord Protector

1658 · Richard Cromwell · England · Government · Government of England

Appointed Lord Protector, 3 hrs after the death of his father Oliver Cromwell

Marriage

1660 · Anne Hyde · England · Worcester Hse · House · House of Stewart

James II marries Anne Hyde, daughter of Edward Hyde

Marriage

1660 · Anne Hyde · England · Worcester Hse · House · House of Hyde

James II marries Anne Hyde, daughter of Edward Hyde

Marriage

1660 · Laurence Hyde · England · Worcester Hse · House · House of Hyde

James II Marries Anne Hyde, daughter of Edward Hyde

Marriage

1660 · James II · England · Worcester Hse · House · House of Stewart

James II Marries Anne Hyde, daughter of Edward Hyde

Council of War

1683 · John III · Poland · Stettelsdorf · Warfare · Austria War

Handed the marshalls baton by the Herman of Baden during the Turkish siege of Vienna

Marshal

1683 · John III · Poland · Stettelsdorf · Warfare · Military

Appointed Marshal

Marshal

1683 · John III · Poland · Stettelsdorf · Warfare · Austria War

Appointed Marshal

Siege of Vienna

1683 · John III · Poland · Stettelsdorf · Warfare · Austria War

Raises the siege of Vienna. Handed the Marshalls baton by the Herman of Baden during the Turkish siege of Vienna

Surrender of Tournai Citadel

1709 · John Churchill · Great Britain · Tournai · Warfare · War of the Spanish Succession

The citadel of Tournai surrenders after a prolonged Allied siege.

Treaty of Hanover

1725 · George I · Great Britain · Hanover · House · House of Hanover

Allies Britain, Prussia & France against Austria & Spain

Peace of Paris

1783 · Horatio Nelson · Great Britain · Great Britain · Warfare · Military

Faces peacetime uncertainty after the American War ends.

Rule of Florida

1783 · William Pitt the Younger · Great Britain · Florida · Warfare · American War of Independence

Under the Treaty of Paris Britain cedes Florida to Spain

Treaty of Paris

1783 · William Pitt the Younger · Great Britain · Versailles · Warfare · American War of Independence

The Treaty of Paris is signed by Britain & the US, formally ending the war. Britain signs a Peace Pact with France & Spain at Versailles, ceding Florida to Spain

Constitution of 1791

1791 · Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes · France · Paris · Revolution · Revolution of France

Participates in the constitutional settlement that establishes a limited monarchy

Constitution of 1791

1791 · Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes · France · Paris · Revolution · Revolution of France

Participates in the constitutional settlement that establishes a limited monarchy.

Constitution Presented to King

1791 · Louis XVI · France · Paris · Revolution · Revolution of France

The completed Constitution established the framework within which Louis XVI could resume authority as a constitutional monarch.

Constitutional Monarchy

1791 · Louis Auguste Bourbon · France · Paris · Revolution · Revolution of France

The completed Constitution of 1791 is presented as France's new constitutional settlement

Constitutional Monarchy

1791 · Louis Auguste Bourbon · France · Paris · Revolution · Revolution of France

The completed Constitution of 1791 is presented as France's new constitutional settlement.

Declaration Incorporated into Constitution of 1791

1791 · Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes · France · Paris · Revolution · Revolution of France

The 1789 Declaration is placed at the head of the Constitution of 1791 as its statement of fundamental principles.

Support for Revolutionary Army

1793 · Georges Jacques Danton · France · Paris · Revolution · Revolution of France

Danton supported stronger economic and military emergency measures, including a revolutionary army, during the Republic's crisis.

Invasion of Denmark

1807 · Arthur Wellesley · Great Britain · Zealand · Warfare · Napoleonic Wars

Wellington informs his superiors he has cleared Zealand of resistance

Constitution Promised

1843 · Otto Wittelsbach · Greece · Athens · Government · Government of Greece

Otto agrees to summon a National Assembly following the September uprising.

September Revolution

1843 · Otto Wittelsbach · Greece · Athens · Government · Government of Greece

A military and popular uprising compels King Otto to accept constitutional government.

Siege of Veracruz

1847 · James Knox Polk · United States of America · Veracruz · Warfare · Mexican-American War

United States forces begin the amphibious siege of Veracruz

Treasury Appointment

1865 · Abraham Lincoln · United States of America · Washington DC · Government · Republican Party Government

Lincoln appoints Hugh McCulloch as Secretary of the Treasury

William I & Alexander II try to put right some misunderstandings

1879 · Otto Eduard Leopold Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen · Germany · Alexanderovo · Government · Reich, 2nd

William I & Alexander II try to put right some misunderstandings

Trial

1898 · Alfred Dreyfus · France · Paris · Warfare · Military

Zola convinces the public that papers used in Dreyfusss trial were forged. The Minister for War resigns after the Dreyfuss trial is reopened. The Cabinet decides to retry Dreyfuss

Statue

1899 · Oliver Cromwell · England · London · House · House of Cromwell

A statue in honour of Cromwell is unveiled opposite the Houses of Parliament

Capture of Transvaal

1900 · Frederick Sleigh Roberts · Great Britain · Transvaal · Warfare · Boer War, 2nd

Annexation of the Transvaal is announced

Cape Colony Invasion

1901 · Jan Christian Smuts · South Africa · Orange River · Warfare · Boer War, 2nd

Smuts crosses the Orange River with his commando and begins a difficult campaign deep inside Cape Colony.

Capture of Nanjing

1913 · Shih-Kai Yuan · China · Nanjing · Warfare · Military

Captures Nanjing

Capital

1914 · Raymond Nicholas Landry Poncare · France · Bordeaux · Warfare · World War, 1st

The capital of France is moved to Bordeaux

Capture of Lemberg

1914 · Franz Josef I · Austria · Lemberg · Warfare · World War, 1st

The Russians capture Lemberg, Lwow, capital of Austrian Galicia

Capture of Lemberg

1914 · Nicholas II · Russia · Lemberg · Warfare · World War, 1st

The Russians capture Lemberg, Lwow, capital of Austrian Galicia

Capture of Lemberg

1914 · Paul Karlovitch Rennenkampf · Russia · Lemberg · Warfare · World War, 1st

The Russians capture Lemberg

First Army

1914 · Kluck · Germany · Paris · Warfare · World War, 1st

Advances the First Army to within 50 km east of Paris

Invasion of France

1914 · Kluck · Germany · Paris · Warfare · World War, 1st

Advances the First Army to within 50 km east of Paris

Leaves Albania

1914 · William of Wied · Albania · Durres · House · House of Wied

Prince William leaves Albania during revolt and the outbreak of World War One

Siege of Paris

1914 · Raymond Nicholas Landry Poncare · France · Paris · Warfare · World War, 1st

Paris is placed in a state of siege

Duma

1915 · Nicholas II · Russia · Moscow · Government · Government of Russia

The Duma is prorogued

Guillemont Attacks Continued

1916 · Douglas Haig · Great Britain · Guillemont · Warfare · World War, 1st

Haig continues attacks around Guillemont to improve the British position before renewed larger operations.

Brusilov Offensive

1917 · Alexy Brusilov Offensive · Russia · Riga · Warfare · World War, 1st

The Germans capture Riga

Capture of Riga

1917 · Georg Bruchmuller · Germany · Riga · Warfare · World War, 1st

Bruchmuller & Hutier capture Riga, remains in German hands until the end of the war

Capture of Riga

1917 · Oskar von Hutier · Germany · Riga · Warfare · World War, 1st

Bruchmuller & Hutier capture Riga, remains in German hands until the end of the war

Kornilov Affair

1917 · Alexander Fedorovich Kerensky · Russia · Petrograd · Revolution · Revolution of Russia

Tries to stabilise political authority after the Kornilov confrontation exposes deep divisions within revolutionary Russia.

Rule of Riga

1917 · Oskar von Hutier · Germany · Riga · Warfare · World War, 1st

Riga remains in German hands until the end of the war

Execution

1918 · Fanya Kaplan · Russia · Revolution · Revolution of Russia

Commandant of Kremlin, Malkov, executes Kaplan for attempting to assassinate Lenin

Execution

1918 · Pavel Malkov · Russia · Revolution · Revolution of Russia

Malkov executes Kaplan for attempting to assassinate Lenin

Noise of Sabres

1924 · Arturo Alessandri Palma · Chile · Santiago · Government · Government of Chile

Faces military pressure as officers protest delays in passing social legislation.

Interim Presidency

1925 · Felipe Segundo Guzman · Bolivia · La Paz · Government · Government of Bolivia

Guzman assumes interim authority during the presidential succession crisis.

Wall Street Crash

1929 · Herbert Clerk Hoover · United States of America · Government · Republican Party Government

After a six-year run when the world saw the Dow Jones Industrial Average increase in value fivefold, prices peaked at 381.17 on September 3, 1929, the market then fell sharply for a month, losing 17% of its value on the initial leg down

Economy of USA

1933 · Franklin Delano Roosevelt · United States of America · Government · Democratic Party Government

9 March-16 June, 1st phase of the "Hundred Days" to reform the economy

Hundred Days

1933 · Franklin Delano Roosevelt · United States of America · Government · Democratic Party Government

9 March-16 June, 1st phase of the "Hundred Days" to reform the economy

New Deal

1933 · Franklin Delano Roosevelt · United States of America · Government · Democratic Party Government

9 March-16 June, 1st phase of the "Hundred Days" to reform the economy

Visit to Berlin

1938 · Adolf Hitler · Germany · Berlin · Government · NSDAP Government

Pays a State visit to Mussolini in Rome

Armament

1939 · Neville Chamberlain · Great Britain · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Parliament passes the National Services (Armed Forces) Act

Broadcast

1939 · George VI · Great Britain · House · House of Windsor

Makes a broadcast to the nation after the declaration of war

Chain Home

1939 · Hugh Dowding · Great Britain · Great Britain · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Chain Home forms part of Britain's wartime air defence system.

Declaration of War

1939 · Neville Chamberlain · Great Britain · London · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Declares war on Germany, at 11 AM

Declaration of War

1939 · George VI · Great Britain · Antibes · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Present at Antibes when Britain declares war

Declaration of War

1939 · Adolf Hitler · Germany · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Polands western allies, the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand declare war on Germany, soon followed by France, South Africa and Canada

Declaration of War

1939 · Robert Menzies · Australia · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Australia declares war

Declaration of War on Germany

1939 · Neville Chamberlain · Great Britain · London · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Announces that Britain is at war with Germany after Germany invades Poland and fails to meet the British ultimatum.

Dominions Secretary

1939 · Robert Anthony Eden · Great Britain · London · Government · National Government

Returns to government as Dominions Secretary at the outbreak of the Second World War

Emergency Hospital Service

1939 · Walter Elliot · Great Britain · London · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Uses wartime powers to organise emergency hospital provision.

First Lord of Admiralty

1939 · Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill · Great Britain · London · Government · Coalition Government

Appointed First Sea Lord of the Admiralty & Member of Cabinet

Invasion of Poland

1939 · Adolf Hitler · Germany · Warfare · World War, 2nd

The Polish airforce is destroyed

Legislation

1939 · Neville Chamberlain · Great Britain · Government · Government of Great Britain

Parliament passes the National Services (Armed Forces) Act

Neutrality

1939 · James Hertzog · South Africa · Pretoria · Government · Government of South Africa

On the day Britain declares war on Germany Hertzog supports neutrality

Visit to To Mussolini in Rome

1939 · Benito Amilicare Andrea Mussolini · Italy · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Hitler pays a State visit to Mussolini in Rome

Winnipeg Refugee Arrival

1939 · Pedro Aguirre Cerda · Chile · Valparaiso · Government · Government of Chile

Welcomes the arrival of Spanish Republican refugees transported to Chile aboard the Winnipeg.

Invasion of Great Britain

1940 · Adolf Hitler · Germany · Warfare · World War, 2nd

The OKW issues a command saying the earliest date for sailing will be Twentieth Sept. Issues a directive with the decision to invade England be taken by 11th September

Operation Sea Lion

1940 · Adolf Hitler · Germany · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Issues a directive with the decision to invade England be taken by 11th September

Invention of Zykon B

1941 · Adolf Hitler · Germany · Auschwitz · Warfare · World War, 2nd

600 Russian prisoners of war are gassed, 1st experiment with Zykon B

Massacre

1941 · Adolf Hitler · Germany · Auschwitz · Warfare · World War, 2nd

600 Russian prisoners of war are gassed, 1st experiment with Zykon B

Armistice Approval

1943 · Pietro Badoglio · Italy · Rome · Government · Government of Italy

Authorizes acceptance of the Allied short armistice terms and empowers Castellano to sign them.

Armistice Authority

1943 · Giuseppe Castellano · Italy · Cassibile · Government · Government of Italy

Receives authority from the Badoglio government to sign the short military armistice terms.

Armistice of Cassibile

1943 · Giuseppe Castellano · Italy · Cassibile · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Signs the short military armistice with the Allies on behalf of Marshal Badoglio.

Armistice Signed

1943 · Pietro Badoglio · Italy · Cassibile · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Authorizes General Giuseppe Castellano to sign the military armistice with the Allies at Cassibile.

Baytown

1943 · Bernard Law Montgomery · Great Britain · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Some of the Eighth Army cross the Straits of Messina & land on the Calabrian Coast

Calabria Landing Directed

1943 · Bernard Law Montgomery · Great Britain · Reggio Calabria · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Directs Eighth Army's crossing of the Strait of Messina into Calabria during Operation Baytown.

Capture of Reggio

1943 · Bernard Law Montgomery · Great Britain · Reggio · Warfare · World War, 2nd

13 Corps capture Reggio during the Allied invasion of Italy

Capture of San Giovanni

1943 · Bernard Law Montgomery · Great Britain · San Giovanni · Warfare · World War, 2nd

13 Corps capture San Giovanni during the Allied invasion of Italy

Invasion of Italy

1943 · Adolf Hitler · Germany · Warfare · World War, 2nd

The Allies invade Italy, Hitler decides only the north can be held & forms Army Group B

Invasion of Italy

1943 · Bernard Law Montgomery · Great Britain · Reggio · Warfare · World War, 2nd

13 Corps lands on the beaches between Reggio & Villa San Giovanni

Invasion of Italy

1943 · Bernard Law Montgomery · Great Britain · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Some of the Eighth Army cross the Straits of Messina & land on the Calabrian Coast

Result of Surrender of Italy

1943 · Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill · Great Britain · London · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Italy's surrender removes a major Axis partner from active war against the Allies.

Result of Surrender of Italy

1943 · Adolf Hitler · Germany · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Italy leaves the Axis war effort and enters an armistice with the Allies.

Surrender of Italy

1943 · Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill · Great Britain · London · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Italy surrenders to the Allies

Surrender of Italy

1943 · Adolf Hitler · Germany · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Italy surrenders to the Allies

Armistice Agreement

1944 · Adolf Hitler · Germany · Warfare · World War, 2nd

The Finns announce an armistice with Russia & will break off relations with Germany

Capture of Brussels

1944 · Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill · Great Britain · Brussels · Warfare · World War, 2nd

British troops occupy Brussels

Finns give Germany 14 days to evacuate an army of 250,000

1944 · Lothar Rendulic · Austria · Warfare · World War, 2nd

The Finns give Germany 14 days to evacuate an army of 250,000

Occupation

1944 · Lothar Rendulic · Austria · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Russia demands German withdrawal from Finland

Result of Surrender of Japan

1945 · Douglas MacArthur · United States of America · Warfare · World War, 2nd

MacArthur formally receives Japan's capitulation on behalf of the Allied powers.

Result of Surrender of Japanese Forces in the Philippines

1945 · Tomoyuki Yamashita · Japan · Baguio · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Japanese forces in the Philippines formally cease organised resistance.

Surrender of Japan

1945 · Douglas MacArthur · United States of America · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Formally accepts the surrender of Japan on the aircraft-carrier Missouri

Surrender of Japanese Forces in the Philippines

1945 · Tomoyuki Yamashita · Japan · Baguio · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Signs the surrender of the Japanese forces in the Philippines

Law for Permanent Defense of Democracy

1948 · Gabriel Gonzalez Videla · Chile · Santiago · Government · Government of Chile

Promulgates legislation outlawing the Communist Party and removing many members from electoral rolls.

Bombing of Quemoy

1950 · Mao Tse-Tung · China · Quemoy · Warfare · Korean War

China begins to bomb Quemoy

Cairo Mission Opens

1956 · Robert Gordon Menzies · Australia · Cairo · Warfare · Suez War

Menzies begins talks with Nasser on proposals for international management of the canal.

End of Kampmann Premiership

1962 · Viggo Kampmann · Denmark · Copenhagen · Government · Government of Denmark

The Kampmann Premiership ends in Copenhagen, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Denmark.

First Krag Premiership

1962 · Jens Otto Krag · Denmark · Copenhagen · Government · Government of Denmark

Begins the First Krag Premiership in Copenhagen and serves as Prime Minister of Denmark.

Prime Minister of Denmark

1962 · Jens Otto Krag · Denmark · Government · Government of Denmark

Appointed Prime Minister of Denmark, 1st term

Wilderness Act

1964 · Lyndon Baines Johnson · United States of America · Washington · Government · Democratic Party Government

Signs the Wilderness Act, creating the National Wilderness Preservation System.

Presidential Election

1967 · Nguyen Van Thieu · Vietnam · Saigon · Warfare · Vietnam War, 2nd

Elected president of South Vietnam under the new constitution

Vice Presidency

1967 · Nguyen Cao Ky · Vietnam · Saigon · Warfare · Vietnam War, 2nd

Elected vice president on Nguyen Van Thieu's ticket

Fielding Break-In

1971 · E. Howard Hunt · United States of America · Los Angeles · Politics · Watergate

Participates in the burglary of psychiatrist Lewis Fielding's office as White House operatives search for information that could discredit Pentagon Papers source Daniel Ellsberg.

Fielding Break-In Authorization

1971 · Egil Krogh · United States of America · Washington · Politics · Watergate

Krogh authorizes the operation that leads White House operatives to burglarize psychiatrist Lewis Fielding's office.

Fielding Office Burglary

1971 · Everette Howard Hunt · United States of America · Los Angeles · Politics · Watergate

Hunt participates in the burglary of Lewis Fielding's office while seeking information that could be used against Ellsberg.

Pentagon Papers

1971 · Richard Milhous Nixon · United States of America · Politics · Watergate

The White House plumber's unit named for their orders to plug leaks in the administration burglarizes a psychiatrist's office to find files on Daniel Ellsberg, the former defense analyst who leaked the Pentagon Papers.

Special Investigations Unit

1971 · Everette Howard Hunt · United States of America · Los Angeles · Politics · Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

Hunt's first assignment for the White House (Special Investigations Unit) was a covert operation to break into the Los Angeles office of Daniel Ellsberg's psychiatrist, Dr. Lewis J. Fielding. In July 1971, Fielding had refused an FBI request for psychiatric data on Ellsberg. Hunt and Liddy cased the building in late August. The burglary, on September 3, 1971, was not detected, but no Ellsberg files were found

Special Investigations Unit

1971 · Everette Howard Hunt · United States of America · Los Angeles · Government · Republican Party Government

Hunt's first assignment for the White House (Special Investigations Unit) was a covert operation to break into the Los Angeles office of Daniel Ellsberg's psychiatrist, Dr. Lewis J. Fielding. In July 1971, Fielding had refused an FBI request for psychiatric data on Ellsberg. Hunt and Liddy cased the building in late August. The burglary, on September 3, 1971, was not detected, but no Ellsberg files were found

Watergate

1971 · Daniel Ellsberg · United States of America · Government · Republican Party Government

Howard Hunt burglarizes the office of the psychiatrist of Daniel Ellsberg, the leaker of the secret "Pentagon Papers" about the Vietnam War.

Watergate

1971 · Daniel Ellsberg · United States of America · Politics · Watergate

Howard Hunt burglarizes the office of the psychiatrist of Daniel Ellsberg, the leaker of the secret "Pentagon Papers" about the Vietnam War.

Watergate

1971 · Everette Howard Hunt · United States of America · Watergate · Politics · Watergate

Everette Howard Hunt organizes the bugging of the Democratic National Committee at the Watergate office building and was also found to be responsible for a break-in at the office of Ellsberg's psychiatrist.

Watergate

1971 · Everette Howard Hunt · United States of America · Watergate · Government · Republican Party Government

Everette Howard Hunt organizes the bugging of the Democratic National Committee at the Watergate office building and was also found to be responsible for a break-in at the office of Ellsberg's psychiatrist.

Watergate

1971 · Everette Howard Hunt · United States of America · Watergate · Government · Republican Party Government

Howard Hunt burglarizes the office of the psychiatrist of Daniel Ellsberg, the leaker of the secret "Pentagon Papers" about the Vietnam War.

Watergate

1971 · Everette Howard Hunt · United States of America · Watergate · Politics · Watergate

Howard Hunt burglarizes the office of the psychiatrist of Daniel Ellsberg, the leaker of the secret "Pentagon Papers" about the Vietnam War.

White House Plumbers

1971 · Everette Howard Hunt · United States of America · Los Angeles · Government · Republican Party Government

Hunt's first assignment for the White House (Special Investigations Unit) was a covert operation to break into the Los Angeles office of Daniel Ellsberg's psychiatrist, Dr. Lewis J. Fielding. In July 1971, Fielding had refused an FBI request for psychiatric data on Ellsberg. Hunt and Liddy cased the building in late August. The burglary, on September 3, 1971, was not detected, but no Ellsberg files were found

White House Plumbers

1971 · Everette Howard Hunt · United States of America · Los Angeles · Politics · Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

Hunt's first assignment for the White House (Special Investigations Unit) was a covert operation to break into the Los Angeles office of Daniel Ellsberg's psychiatrist, Dr. Lewis J. Fielding. In July 1971, Fielding had refused an FBI request for psychiatric data on Ellsberg. Hunt and Liddy cased the building in late August. The burglary, on September 3, 1971, was not detected, but no Ellsberg files were found

National Assembly Election

1972 · Lon Nol · Kampuchea · Phnom Penh · Politics · Social Republican Party

Social Republican Party dominates National Assembly elections

Political Reform

1982 · Abdullah I · Jordan · Amman · House · House of Jordan

I participates in political reform connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.

New Constitutional System

1984 · Pieter Willem Botha · South Africa · Cape Town · Government · Government of South Africa

Black South Africans remain excluded from national parliamentary representation.

Tricameral Constitution Begins

1984 · Pieter Willem Botha · South Africa · Cape Town · Government · Government of South Africa

The new tricameral constitutional system comes into force.

Broadcast

1985 · Anne · Great Britain · London · House · House of Windsor

1st member of the Royal Family to appear on a live radio phone in on BBC Radio 4

President Takes Office

1990 · Mircea Snegur · Moldova · Chisinau · Government · Moldovan SSR

Mircea Snegur becomes President of the Moldovan SSR

Brexit

1993 · Alan Sked · Great Britain · London · Politics · UK Independence Party

Founds the UK Independence Party to campaign for withdrawal from the European Union.

Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)

2002 · Anthony Charles Lynton Blair · Great Britain · Government · Labour Party Government

Blair announces he will publish a dossier on Iraq's weapons of mass destruction

Dismissal

2003 · Kim Doo Kwan · South Korea · Government · Government of South Korea

The National Assembly votes to dismiss Home Affairs Minister Kim Doo Kwan

National Assembly

2003 · Kim Doo Kwan · South Korea · Government · Government of South Korea

The National Assembly votes to dismiss Home Affairs Minister Kim Doo Kwan

National Defence Commission Re-election

2003 · Kim Jong Il · North Korea · Pyongyang · Government · Government of North Korea

Is re-elected chairman of the National Defence Commission.

Supreme People's Assembly Presidium

2003 · Kim Yong Nam · North Korea · Pyongyang · Government · Government of North Korea

Is re-elected chairman of the Supreme People's Assembly Presidium.

Hostages

2004 · Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin · Russia · Government · Government of Russia

Beslan school hostage crisis, Russian police and soldiers storm the school, 344 civilians and 31 of 32 hostage-takers are killed

Arrest of Khaleda Zia and her son

2007 · Khaleda Zia · Bangladesh · Government · Government of Bangladesh

Former Bangladesh PM Khaleda Zia and one of her sons are arrested on charges of corruption and misuse of power

Basra Palace Handover

2007 · James Gordon Brown · Great Britain · Basra · Warfare · Gulf War, 2nd

British forces withdraw from Basra Palace to the airport base.

Economy of Georgia

2008 · Mikhail Saakashvili · Georgia · Warfare · Russia War

A US Navy ship loaded with humanitarian aid steamed through the Dardanelles on its way to Georgia, as the Bush administration prepared to roll out a $1 billion economic aid package for the ex-Soviet republic

Invasion of Georgia

2008 · Mikhail Saakashvili · Georgia · Warfare · Russia War

A US Navy ship loaded with humanitarian aid steamed through the Dardanelles on its way to Georgia, as the Bush administration prepared to roll out a $1 billion economic aid package for the ex-Soviet republic

Library of Birmingham

2013 · Malala Yousafzai · Great Britain · Birmingham · Humanities · Libraries

Malala Yousafzai opens the Library of Birmingham in Centenary Square.

MINURSO Force Command

2015 · Muhammad Tayyab Azam · Pakistan · Western Sahara · Warfare · United Nations

The United Nations approves Muhammad Tayyab Azam of Pakistan as Force Commander of MINURSO in Western Sahara.

North Korea Sixth Nuclear Test

2017 · Kim Jong Un · North Korea · North Korea · Warfare · Nuclear

North Korea conducts its sixth and largest announced nuclear test explosion.

Sixth Nuclear Test

2017 · Kim Jong Un · North Korea · Punggye-ri · Warfare · Nuclear Weapons Program

North Korea conducts its sixth nuclear test.

Defence Minister Dismissal

2023 · Oleksii Reznikov · Ukraine · Kyiv · Government · Russia-Ukraine War

Zelensky announces Reznikov will be replaced as defence minister.

Resignation of Oleksii Reznikov

2023 · Oleksii Reznikov · Ukraine · Kyiv · Government · Government of Ukraine

Resigns as Ukraine's defence minister

Births on September 3

Birth of Matthew Boulton

1728 · Matthew Boulton · Great Britain · Birmingham · Science · Technology

Birth of Matthew Boulton, later central to Birmingham’s industrial growth.

Birth of Eugene de Beauharnais

1781 · Eugene de Beauharnais · France · Paris · House · House of Beauharnais

Birth of Eugene de Beauharnais

Birth of Hardinge Stanley Giffard

1823 · Hardinge Stanley Giffard · Great Britain · Politics · Conservative Party

Birth of Hardinge Stanley Giffard

Birth of Michael Cimino

1939 · Michael Cimino · United States of America · Arts · Cinema

Birth of Michael Cimino

Birth of Kjell Magne Bondevik

1947 · Kjell Magne Bondevik · Norway · Molde · Politics · CPP

Birth of Kjell Magne Bondevik

Deaths on September 3

Death of Robert Stewart

1420 · Robert Stewart · Scotland · Stirling Castle · House · House of Stewart

Death of Robert Stewart, in Stirling Castle and lies buried in Dunfermline Abbey in Fife

Death of Charles II

1658 · Charles II · England · House · House of Stewart

Hears of the death of Cromwell while in exile in The Netherlands. Death of Cromwell, it is certain the monarchy will be restored

Death of Oliver Cromwell

1658 · Oliver Cromwell · England · Government · Government of England

Death of Oliver Cromwell

Death of Oliver Cromwell

1658 · Oliver Cromwell · England · Government · Government of England

Death of Oliver Cromwell, during a bout of malarial fever

Death of Oliver Cromwell

1658 · George Monck · England · Dalkeith · Government · Commonwealth of England

Keeps the army in Scotland calm after Oliver Cromwell dies.

Death of Fanya Kaplan

1918 · Fanya Kaplan · Russia · Moscow · Revolution · Revolution of Russia

Death of Fanya Kaplan, executed

Death of Eduard Benes

1948 · Eduard Benes · Czech Republic · Government · Government of Czech Rep

Death of Eduard Benes.

Death of William Ambrose Billy Wright

1994 · William Ambrose "Billy" Wright · Great Britain · Sport · Football

Death of Billy Wright

Battles on September 3

Battle of Alnwick

1513 · Thomas Howard · England · Alnwick · Warfare · England War

Joins forces with his father & commands the rear of the English Army

Battle of Alnwick

1513 · Thomas Howard · England · Alnwick · Warfare · England War

Surrey joins up with his son Thomas Howard, the Lord Admiral

Battle of Dunbar

1650 · Oliver Cromwell · England · Dunbar · Warfare · Civil War

Defeats David Leslie's Scottish army at Dunbar and opens the route to Edinburgh.

Battle of Dunbar

1650 · Charles Fleetwood · England · Dunbar · Warfare · Civil War

Helps Cromwell defeat the Scottish Army

Battle of Dunbar

1650 · John Lambert · England · Dunbar · Warfare · Civil War

Lambert helps command Parliamentarian forces during the victory at Dunbar.

Battle of Dunbar

1650 · John Lambert · England · Dunbar · Warfare · Civil War

Leads a cavalry charge leaving the Scots with 3,000 killed to the Roundheads 30

Battle of Dunbar

1650 · Alexander Leslie · Scotland · Dunbar · Warfare · Civil War

Commands the Scottish Army which is defeated by Oliver Cromwell

Battle of Dunbar

1650 · David Leslie · Scotland · Dunbar · Warfare · Civil War

Leslie commands the Scottish Covenanter army defeated by Cromwell at Dunbar.

Battle of Dunbar

1650 · George Monck · England · Dunbar · Warfare · Civil War

Commands infantry during Cromwell's victory over the Scottish Covenanter army at Dunbar.

Battle of Dunbar

1650 · Robert Overton · England · Dunbar · Warfare · Civil War

Overton commands a brigade of Foot at the Battle of Dunbar

Battle of Dunbar

1650 · Thomas Pride · England · Dunbar · Warfare · Civil War

Commands a brigade of Foot

Battle of Worcester

1651 · Charles II · England · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Charles II leads the Royalist army defeated by Cromwell at Worcester before escaping into exile.

Battle of Worcester

1651 · Charles II · England · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Charles II leads the Royalist army, counterattacks east of the Severn and escapes after Cromwell's forces break into Worcester.

Battle of Worcester

1651 · Charles II · England · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Leads a force of 16,000 against Cromwell's force of 30,000. Charles is forced to go into hiding then escape from England. Attempts a "break out" from Worcester against Cromwell but is forced back

Battle of Worcester

1651 · Oliver Cromwell · England · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Cromwell leads a Parliamentarian army of about thirty thousand against Charles II's smaller Royalist and Scottish force at Worcester.

Battle of Worcester

1651 · Oliver Cromwell · England · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Leads about 28,000 Parliamentarian troops to victory over Charles II at Worcester.

Battle of Worcester

1651 · Richard Deane · England · Powick Bridge · Warfare · Civil War

Deane attacks Powick Bridge and finally forces a crossing after Scottish defenders begin retreating toward Worcester.

Battle of Worcester

1651 · Richard Deane · England · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Leads a Parliamentary force up the River Severn prior to the Battle of Worcester

Battle of Worcester

1651 · William Drummond · Scotland · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Arrested at the Battle of Worcester but escapes & returns to the Highlands. A Royalist Commander at the Battle of Worcester

Battle of Worcester

1651 · William Drummond · Scotland · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Drummond commands a Royalist brigade at Worcester, is captured and later escapes from imprisonment.

Battle of Worcester

1651 · Charles Fleetwood · England · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Fleetwood commands Parliamentarian troops during the final battle of the Civil War at Worcester.

Battle of Worcester

1651 · Charles Fleetwood · England · River Teme · Warfare · Civil War

Fleetwood directs Parliamentarian troops across the Teme and presses the Scottish defenders back toward Worcester.

Battle of Worcester

1651 · Charles Fleetwood · England · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Leads a Parliamentary force across the River Teme prior to the Battle of Worcester. Forces Charles IIs Scottish allies back into the confines of Worcester

Battle of Worcester

1651 · John Lambert · England · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Helps defeats the Scots & Royalists

Battle of Worcester

1651 · John Lambert · England · River Teme · Warfare · Civil War

Lambert helps force the Teme crossings and drives Scottish defenders back during Parliament's attack on Worcester.

Battle of Worcester

1651 · Alexander Leslie · Scotland · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Captured in battle while supporting Charles II at Worcester

Battle of Worcester

1651 · David Leslie · Scotland · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

David Leslie commands the Scottish cavalry during Charles II's defeat at Worcester.

Battle of Worcester

1651 · Maitland · Scotland · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Captured at the Battle of Worcester, fights for the Royalists

Battle of Worcester

1651 · Thomas Pride · England · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Commands a Parliamentary regiment in a victory over the Royalists

Battle of Worcester

1651 · Thomas Pride · England · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Pride takes part in Cromwell's Parliamentarian victory at Worcester after previously commanding a brigade during the Scottish campaign.

Battle of Worcester

1651 · James Stanley · England · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Captured during the Battle of Worcester supporting Charles I

Battle of Worcester

1651 · James Stanley · England · Worcester · Warfare · Civil War

Stanley fights for Charles II at Worcester, escapes the battlefield and is captured later near Nantwich.

Battle of Wurzburg

1796 · Charles of Austria · Austria · Wurzburg · Revolution · Revolution of Austria

Defeats the French under Jourdan & Moreau

Battle of Galicia

1914 · Franz Conrad von Hotzendorf · Austria · River San · Warfare · World War, 1st

Hotzrndorf is forced to retreat to the River San

Battle of Galicia

1914 · Franz Conrad von Hotzendorf · Austria · Galicia · Warfare · World War, 1st

The Russians counter-attack & Austrian gains are lost

Battle of Riga

1917 · Georg Bruchmuller · Germany · Riga · Warfare · World War, 1st

Bruchmuller & Hutier capture Riga, remains in German hands until the end of the war

Battle of Riga

1917 · Oskar von Hutier · Germany · Riga · Warfare · World War, 1st

Riga remains in German hands until the end of the war. Bruchmuller & Hutier capture Riga

Battle of Britain

1940 · Josef Frantisek · Czechoslovakia · Southern England · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Claims another Bf 109 destroyed.

Battle of Britain

1940 · Josef Frantisek · Czechoslovakia · Southern England · Warfare · World War, 2nd

Continues his rapid series of victories with No. 303 Squadron.

Coronations on September 3

Coronation

1189 · Richard I the Lionheart · England · Westminster Abbey · House · House of Plantagenet

Will spend 6 months of his reign in England. Crowned King of England, 1st time

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