April 23 in History

Succeeds as King of Kent. After Wihtreds death Kent is divided between his 3 sons Aethelbert, Eadbert & Ealric

Succeeds as King of Kent, rules west Kent

Alfred succeeded Aethelred during the struggle against the Danish army.

Buried in St Pauls chapel "after a life of much hardship & many difficulties"

Succeeds as King of England

Eldest surviving son of Ethelred. Chosen as King by the people of London

The Council of Oxford establishes April 23 as St George's Day

Eleanor of England, youngest daughter of King John of England and Isabella of Angouleme, thereby strengthening the familys connection with the Plantagenets

Returns to England, is reconciled with Edward & Simon de Montfort

Establishes the Knights of the Garter

Marries Margaret of Anjou, daughter of Rene Duke of Anjou

Francis Lovell and the Stafford brothers launch the first armed Yorkist challenge to Henry VII's new regime.

His council membership marks his rise to senior political influence.

Receives one of the monarchy's highest chivalric honours.

Is appointed a Knight of the Garter.

Is sworn as a member of Henry VIII's Privy Council.

The Treaty forming the League was signed at Heilbronn in Germany. The Heilbronn League, which consisted of the Upper and Lower Rhenish, Swabian and Franconian military circles required to provide 2.5 million Reichstaler annually, while the Swedes retained their position as overall military commanders

Hotham denies the King access to Hull's large store of weapons and ammunition.

Charles denounces Hotham after being refused entry to Hull.

Charles denounces Hotham after being refused entry to Hull.

Charles travels from York to demand entry to Hull and its military magazine.

Charles travels from York to demand entry to Hull and its military magazine.

Hotham refuses Charles entry to Hull under Parliament's instructions.

Hotham refuses Charles entry to Hull and denies him access to the town's magazine.

Hotham refuses Charles I entry to Hull and its military magazine.

Hotham refuses Charles entry to Hull under Parliament's instructions.

Freed from captivity in St Michaels Mount by Thomas Fairfax

Created Earl of Clarendon on the day of the Coronation of Charles II

Succeeds as King of England

The Allied army invests Douai, beginning a siege that ends with the town's surrender in June.

Appointed First Lord of the Treasury

Il re pastore is performed in Salzburg.

Bertrand Barere was elected to the Estates General as a Third Estate deputy for Bigorre.

SS Great Western reaches New York and demonstrates the commercial practicality of regular steamship crossings.

The US Senate resolves to end the British occupation of Oregon

Half the Deputies are monarchists divided into 300 Orleanists & 150 Legitimists. Elections take place to the Constituent Assembly

Kunwar Singh returns to Jagdishpur and defeats the British force sent against him shortly before his death.

The Treaty of Coche ended the Federal War and provided for a national assembly.

Monarchist demonstrations

Queen Victoria asks Lord Hartington to form a ministry, but he persuades her to send for Gladstone. Appointed Prime Minister, 2nd term

Goschens budget has a surplus of œ2,000,000

The first Russian constitution, known as the Fundamental Laws was enacted on the eve of the opening of the first State Duma

The first Russian constitution, known as the Fundamental Laws was enacted on the eve of the opening of the first State Duma

Leaves office as the new constitutional framework is imposed.

The Fundemental Laws declare the autocracy of the Russian Emperor, including Emperors supremacy over the Law, the Church, and Duma. The first Russian constitution, known as the Fundamental Laws was enacted on the eve of the opening of the first State Duma

The first Russian constitution, known as the Fundamental Laws was enacted on the eve of the opening of the first State Duma

Accepts an invitation to stand as prospective Liberal Member of Parliament for Dundee

Is appointed Wreck Commissioner to conduct the British formal investigation into Titanic's loss.

Renews the Liberal programme for Welsh religious reform.

Introduces legislation to disestablish the Church in Wales.

Introduces legislation to disestablish the Church in Wales.

Appoints Lord Mersey as Wreck Commissioner to investigate the loss of Titanic.

Hamilton delays the invasion from 23 to 25 April because rough weather disrupts the assault timetable.

Haig continues Arras operations despite stronger German resistance and mounting casualties.

Appointed President of Korea of the Hansong Provisional Government

Appointed President of Korea of the Hansong Provisional Government

The Second Neergaard Premiership ends in Copenhagen, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Denmark.

Begins the First Stauning Premiership in Copenhagen and serves as Prime Minister of Denmark.

Scores Arsenal's goal in the FA Cup final before Newcastle United recover to win 2-1.

Advocates a the creation of a Ministry of Supply

Stalin promises to support Czech if it is attacked by Germany

Warns Hitler Britain will support Poland in the event of an attack

Directs Norwegian forces in the first counterattack toward Narvik.

The Northern Greek armies surrender to the Germans

Withdraws from the battle in Tunisia to make detailed plans for the invasion of Sicily

Withdraws from the battle in Tunisia to make detailed plans for the invasion of Sicily

Hitler appoints Weidling as the Commander of the Berlin Defence Area. Weidling replaces Lieutenant General (Generalleutnant) Helmuth Reymann, Colonel (Oberst) Ernst Kaether, and Hitler himself

Stripped of all offices by Hitler after asking if he could succeed

Restored by French forces after the defeat of the Lao Issara government

Awarded by George VI marking the 600th anniversary of the Order of the Garter

Communist forces capture Nanjing, ending Nationalist control of the former capital.

Joseph Dodge announces a fixed rate of 360 yen/dollar

China completes the capture of Hainan Island

Passes legislation making Parliament a high court ensuring Apartheids legality

Passes legislation making Parliament a high court ensuring Apartheids legality

The Jean Van Houtte Government ends in Brussels, concluding this period as Prime Minister of Belgium.

Begins the Fourth Van Acker Government in Brussels and serves as Prime Minister of Belgium.

French authorities agree in principle to financial and economic measures intended to isolate Algeria.

A financial & economic blockade of Algeria is agreed in principle

Forbids anyone to follow the orders of the rebellious generals in Algeria. Condemns the 4 retired generals leading the rebellion in Algeria

Soldiers are called out & 11 people are killed, with more than a hundred wounded. Palestinians want a Jordanian Republic on both sides of the Jordan

The Louisiana Supreme Court denied Shaw's application for review of the venue decision on April 23, 1968.

Vietnam veterans return medals & military decorations in anti war protests on Capitol

The Rolling Stones release Sticky Fingers.

Leaves the Moon with Young aboard Orion after completing three lunar surface excursions.

Commands Orion's ascent stage as it leaves the Moon for rendezvous with Casper.

Explores North Ray Crater and nearby House Rock with Young during the third surface excursion.

French voters approved enlargement of the European Communities in a referendum called by Pompidou.

Explores the North Ray Crater area and samples large rocks during the final surface EVA.

Appointed President of Austria

Harold Pinters "No Mans Land," premiers in London

Speaking in New Orleans says that the war is "finished"

Created Sir Harold Wilson as a Knight of the Garter

Scores the late goal that gives Arsenal a 1-0 victory at Juventus and a place in the Cup Winners' Cup final.

Mohamed Mzali became prime minister of Tunisia.

Says that Russia is the primary source of danger to the world

Britain warns Argentina that any military or civilian ship or aircraft representing a threat to the task force will be destroyed

Britain warns Argentina that any military or civilian ship or aircraft representing a threat to the task force will be destroyed

A submarine alert is sounded and operations are halted, with the Tidespring being withdrawn to deeper water to avoid interception

Appointed Member of Politburo

Appointed Member of Politburo

Appointed Member of Politburo

Publishes consultation proposals for the council tax and for reform of local-government structure.

Publishes consultation proposals for a new council tax and for review of local-government structure.

Designs the proposed council tax so that no register equivalent to the community-charge register is required.

Proposes that the council tax combine a property element with a personal element based on an assumed two-adult household.

Proposes a replacement council tax in which liability varies according to the value band assigned to each property.

Proposes a 25 percent council-tax discount for households containing only one countable adult.

Proposes broad property-value bands so homes need not undergo precise individual valuation for council-tax purposes.

Leads the Slovak government during federal negotiations.

Mather helps present COBE results confirming the blackbody spectrum and anisotropy evidence

Smoot announces COBE detection of tiny microwave background temperature fluctuations

Than Shwe becomes chairman of SLORC and head of state

Is appointed a Knight Companion of the Order of the Garter.

Than Shwe becomes Prime Minister after Saw Maung's removal

Saw Maung is removed by senior military leaders

The First David Oddsson Government ends, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Iceland.

Appointed Prime Minister of Iceland

Begins the Second David Oddsson Government and serves as Prime Minister of Iceland.

The Bank of England Act places monetary-policy independence on a statutory basis.

Celebrations all over Turkey mark the 83rd anniversary of the foundation of Parliament

3,000 Greek & Turkish Cypriots cross the internal divide for the 1st time in 30 yrs

Scores his five-hundredth competitive Barcelona goal with a stoppage-time Clasico winner.

Wins approval for constitutional amendments extending presidential terms and strengthening executive authority.

Oxford researchers begin human trials of the ChAdOx1 COVID-19 vaccine.

Oxford researchers begin human trials of the ChAdOx1 COVID-19 vaccine.

Harriet Cross becomes Governor of Montserrat

Shakespeares actual birthdate is unknown, but is traditionally observed on 23 April, St George's Day. Birth of William Shakespeare, son of John Shakespeare, a successful glover and alderman originally from Snitterfield, and Mary Arden

Birth of George Anson

Birth of Archibald James Murray

Death of Brian Boru, killed in the Battle of Glentarf

Henrys death is announced at his court at Richmond Palace

Death of Theodor von Reding

Karaiskakis is mortally wounded before the battle for Athens

Death of William Wordsworth, 80

Dies in Moscow at age seventy-six after a long period of declining health.

Death of John Mills

Killed in battle but defeats the forces of Leinster & the Dublin Norse. Danish rule is ended in Ireland

Diakos fights Ottoman forces at Alamana and is captured after defeat

Vrioni defeats Greek forces at Alamana during the early Ottoman response

Loken directs Norwegian forces in the first counterattack toward Narvik during the Gratangen fighting.

Commands Norwegian troops in the counterattack near Gratangen.

Each sector was commanded by a colonel or a general, but most of the colonels and generals had no combat experience. The forces available to Weidling for the citys defence included roughly 45,000 soldiers in several severely depleted German Army and Waffen-SS divisions.

These depleted divisions were supplemented by the Berlin police force, boys in the Hitler Youth, and about 40,000 elderly men of the Home Guard (Volkssturm)

Weidling was ordered by Hitler to defend the city of Berlin. Specifically, he was ordered not to surrender, but to fight to the last man. Weidling organised the defences into eight sectors designated "A" through to "H".

Hitler appoints Weidling as the Commander of the Berlin Defence Area. Weidling replaces Lieutenant General (Generalleutnant) Helmuth Reymann, Colonel (Oberst) Ernst Kaether, and Hitler himself

Crowned at St Pauls Cathedral

Charles II is crowned at Westminster Abbey on Saint George's Day.

Charles II is crowned at Westminster Abbey, formalising the restored monarchy.

Juxon crowns Charles II at Westminster Abbey during the Restoration coronation.

James Duke of York takes part in the coronation ceremony of his brother Charles II.

Crowned alongside Mary of Modena, using Anglican rights in Westminster Abbey

Anne is crowned at Westminster Abbey while suffering from gout.