September 25 in History

Harold advances rapidly from York and catches the Norwegian army by surprise near Stamford Bridge.

Harald fights in the Norwegian line until he is killed and the invasion loses its principal commander.

Harald moves to Stamford Bridge expecting hostages and supplies from York instead of an immediate English attack.

The Norwegian army suffers heavy losses and its English campaign collapses

Harold's forces break the Norwegian army after fierce fighting and destroy Hardrada's attempt to seize the English throne.

Tostig remains with Harald Hardrada during the final battle and is killed after the Norwegian position collapses.

Olaf Haraldsson survives and helps lead remnants of the Norwegian fleet home

Harold II surprises the Norwegian army near Stamford Bridge

Harald's army is surprised by Harold II while many Norwegian troops are away from the fleet without their full armour.

Harold II defeats the Norwegian invasion at Stamford Bridge

Agrees a peace with Edward I which is signed at Shrewsbury

Agrees a truce with Philip VI after the Tournai campaign

Philipe the Good breaks his oath to Henry IV & returns to his French allegiance

Philipe the Good breaks his oath to Henry IV & returns to his French allegiance

Buried at Rouen Cathedral

Breaks the Treaty of Troyes & makes a separate peace with the French

The Duke of Burgundy makes a separate peace with the French

Breaks the Treaty of Troyes & makes a separate peace with the French

Mistakenly believes that he has sighted land

Ferdinand backs a 2nd expedition with 17 ships which departs from Cadiz

Ferdinand backs a 2nd expedition led by Colombus with 17 ships to depart from Cadiz

Death of Clement VII

Prince Bayezid is executed after Safavid extradition to Ottoman agents

Frederick accepts the Boemian crown

Ordered by Charles I to make Worcester secure & preserve his forces for battle

Parliament promises to protect Scottish Presbyterianism

The States of Holland take a direct role in supervising the education of William III of Orange as his political future remains unsettled.

Captures Neuhausel after a major siege in Habsburg Hungary.

Louis XIV invades Germany to weaken the German states before they join the Grand Alliance

Venlo capitulates after the Allied siege during Marlborough's opening campaign.

Allied siege trenches are opened at Mons after the Battle of Malplaquet.

The Supreme Central Governing Junta is established, ruling in the name of Ferdinand VII

Appointed President of Spain, President of the Supreme Central Governing Junta

Appointed President of Spain, President of the Supreme Central Governing Junta

The Supreme Central Governing Junta is established, ruling in the name of Ferdinand VII

Appointed President of Spain, President of the Supreme Central Governing Junta

Appointed President of Spain, President of the Supreme Central Governing Junta

Escapes assassination at the hands of liberal conspirators in Gran Colombia

Directs Russian forces while naval ships are scuttled and their guns and crews are used in Sevastopol's defence.

Leaves Sevastopol and marches to Bakhchisarai to join up with Russian reinforcements.

Oversees the Russian war effort as Sevastopol's defenders use naval guns and crews to strengthen the fortress.

Military secretary and adjutant-general to Sir James Outram, whose forces took part in the actions leading to the first relief of Lucknow

Fights through enemy lines & enters the Residency

Takes charge of Lucknows defence until the second relief, when he was badly wounded while crossing an exposed space with Outram and Sir Henry Havelock to meet with Sir Colin Campbell. Military secretary and adjutant-general to Sir James Outram, whose forces took part in the actions leading to the first relief of Lucknow

Haig's First Army attacks at Loos and initially penetrates parts of the German defensive system.

Haig presses for reserve divisions to exploit the initial breakthrough before German defences recover.

Flees to Crete & proclaims a revolution

Works within the party as Trotsky leads the Soviet.

Supports Bolshevik efforts to dominate Soviet politics.

Is elected chairman after the Bolshevik majority grows.

Is elected chairman of the Petrograd Soviet.

Replaces moderate leadership as Bolshevik strength grows.

Trotsky strengthens Bolshevik influence within the Petrograd Soviet before the October uprising.

Chaytor's force captures Amman and large numbers of Ottoman prisoners.

Is appointed General State Commissioner of Bavaria and receives extensive executive authority during the political crisis.

Appointed Prime Minister of Spain

France suspends the franc's former gold parity and permits devaluation.

The United States joins Britain and France in coordinating exchange stability without restoring classical gold convertibility.

Benes described the Godesberg demands as destructive of the remaining Czechoslovak state.

Daladier joined Chamberlain in emergency consultations on the German demands and the risk of war.

Syrovy prepared Czechoslovakia to resist if Germany attempted to enforce the memorandum by force.

Syrovy’s government rejected immediate military occupation and the abandonment of fortified territory.

Chamberlain considered whether a revised timetable and international supervision could bridge the remaining dispute.

Benes described the Godesberg demands as destructive of the remaining Czechoslovak state.

Chamberlain considered whether a revised timetable and international supervision could bridge the remaining dispute.

Daladier joined Chamberlain in emergency consultations on the German demands and the risk of war.

Syrovy prepared Czechoslovakia to resist if Germany attempted to enforce the memorandum by force.

Syrovy’s government rejected immediate military occupation and the abandonment of fortified territory.

Accepts withdrawal from Dakar after Vichy resistance holds.

Churchill decides to abandon the attempt to capture the port of Dakar

Appointed Commander of the Eighth Army

Appointed Commander of the Eighth Army

The Eighth Army comprises the XIII & XXX Corps

A puppet of the German Reichskommissar, Josef Terboven. Appointed Minister of President of the State Council the Germans

A puppet of the German Reichskommissar, Josef Terboven. Appointed Minister of President of the State Council the Germans

Accepts withdrawal of the surviving British airborne force after the Arnhem bridge cannot be held.

The 1st Marine Division & the 7th Infantry Division surround Seoul

Marries Raisa Titorenko, a philosophy student at Moscow University

Marries Mikhail Gorbachev, then a student at Moscow University

Becomes Prime Minister after Sangkum's election victory

Macmillan discusses Suez policy and economic consequences with American officials during his Washington visit.

Begins talks with Nikita Khrushchev at Camp David on Berlin and wider East-West tensions.

The Warren Commission later rejects an allegation that Oswald appeared at an Austin Selective Service office during his journey.

The Warren Commission reconstruction places Oswald on the afternoon Continental Trailways service from New Orleans toward Houston.

Oswald left New Orleans by bus for Mexico, carrying documents intended to support his efforts to obtain Cuban and Soviet travel permission.

Oswald left New Orleans by bus on September 25, 1963, beginning his journey toward Mexico City.

The John Lyng Government ends in Oslo, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Norway.

Oswald tells Mrs. Twiford that he belongs to the Fair Play for Cuba Committee while trying to arrange a meeting with her husband.

Begins the Fourth Einar Gerhardsen Government in Oslo and serves as Prime Minister of Norway.

Oswald tells Mrs. Twiford that he cannot wait for her husband's return because he says he is flying to Mexico.

After cashing the unemployment check, Oswald has about $200 available for his trip through Mexico.

The Commission finds no airline record supporting the claim that Oswald diverted from his bus journey to visit Austin.

Appointed Prime Minister of Norway, 3rd term

Oswald asks Mrs. Twiford how her husband obtained his name and address from Socialist Labor Party contacts.

During the journey west, Oswald telephones the home of Socialist Labor Party member Horace Elroy Twiford.

Oswald cashes his unemployment check at a store near Magazine Street, increasing the funds available for his journey.

Oswald collects a $33 Texas unemployment compensation check from his New Orleans post office box before beginning his Mexico trip.

Releases the second album Strange Days.

Dalglish makes his first team competitive debut coming on from the bench for Charlie Gallagher in Scottish League Cup quarter-final tie at Hamilton Academical at Douglas Park

Dalglish makes his first team competitive debut coming on from the bench for Charlie Gallagher in Scottish League Cup quarter-final tie at Hamilton Academical at Douglas Park

Proposes legislation requiring withdrawal of US troops from Vietnam by the end of the year

Drums on Volume 4 as Black Sabbath expands its sound beyond the first three albums.

Hunt continued answering Senate questions about Charles Colson, G. Gordon Liddy, campaign intelligence operations, and his understanding of White House authority.

Secretly warns Golda Meir that Egypt and Syria may be preparing for war.

Addresses a public meeting in Banbridge on Ulster's constitutional position within the United Kingdom.

Records Technical Ecstasy as the band experiments with a more varied hard rock style.

Announces to the United Nations General Assy Britain will raise EC sanctions against South Africa

States are required to restrict flights serving Iraq and occupied Kuwait.

Security Council extends sanctions enforcement to air transport.

Releases Outside, reuniting with Brian Eno for a dark concept album about art, crime and identity.

Releases Magic with the E Street Band, combining bright rock arrangements with darker political themes.

Directs The Baader Meinhof Complex.

The FDIC closes Washington Mutual in the largest bank failure in United States history.

JPMorgan Chase purchases most Washington Mutual assets and deposits from the FDIC.

Pirlog's acting premiership ends when Vlad Filat forms a new government

Germany deposits its instrument of ratification for the Treaty of Lisbon with the Italian government.

Vlad Filat becomes Prime Minister and leads the Alliance for European Integration

Burnham finishes fourth in the Labour leadership election won by Ed Miliband.

Announces that women may vote and stand in future municipal elections.

Prepares municipal institutions for expanded electoral participation.

Illingworth helps assemble the eXtreme Deep Field from a decade of Hubble exposures, revealing thousands of exceptionally faint galaxies.

Directs Phoenix.

Addresses the United Nations on Ukraine, Ebola, the Middle East and the threat posed by ISIL.

Meets Donald Trump during the United Nations General Assembly and discusses security, energy and reforms.

N'Daw is sworn in to lead an eighteen-month political transition.

The Government announces the first funding round for nurseries using spare primary-school space.

Birth of Stefan Mazurkiewicz

Harald Hardrada is killed during the Battle of Stamford Bridge

Killed in battle at Stamford Bridge by forces commanded by Harold Godwinson

Death of Tostig, killed at the Battle of Stamford Bridge

Tostig Godwinson is killed fighting beside Harald Hardrada

Death of Philip I

Death of Francis Talbot, 5th Earl of Shrewsbury

Bayezid is killed after losing the Ottoman succession struggle

Alexeiev dies while serving as a senior leader of the anti-Bolshevik Volunteer Army in southern Russia.

Death of Paul Ehrenfest

Bonham dies, leaving Led Zeppelin unable to continue with its original line-up.

Dies at Jimmy Page's house after rehearsals for a planned American tour.

Believing that King Harold was prepared to surrender and the English to accept his claim to the throne, Harald took about two thirds of his army to collect tribute from the local people, carrying light weapons and wearing only light armour

Both Harald and Earl Tostig are killed & Haralds army was so heavily beaten that only 24 of the 300 longboats used to transport his forces to England were used to carry the survivors back to Norway.

Godwinsons forces surprised Haralds as they collected the tribute from the locals, Godwinsons forces are heavily armed and armoured, and greatly outnumbered Haralds.

Invited by Tostig Godwinson to capture England from Harold II. Harald sails with 300 ships but is defeated at the Battle of Stamford Bridge.

Defeats Hardrada & his brother Tostig, near York, Hardrada & Tostig are killed

Tostig & Hardrada are killed in battle by Harold

Ordered by Charles I to make Worcester secure & preserve his forces for battle

Cromwell captures Devizes

Massena defeated Russian and Austrian forces at Zurich, helping force Suvorov's army into a difficult retreat through Switzerland.

British Fourth Army attacks Morval, Gueudecourt and Lesboeufs while French forces move toward Combles and Rancourt.

By 25 Sept the area is in Allied hands but there are 72,000 British casualties

The area is taken back into Allied hands

By 25 Sept the Epehy is in Allied hands but there are 72,000 British casualties

Montgomery orders a retreat, the British lose 1,130 killed & 6,000 taken prisoner