October 1 in History

Hears news of the Norman landing while at a banquet in York

Leads the Bishops in opposition to the Councils rulings

Claims power to punish criminal clerics after their conviction by Church orders

Marries to protect Englands last possession in France, Gascony. Marries Eleanor of Castille, half sister of Alfonso X of Leon & Castille

Succeeds as Duke of Gascony during his marriage to Eleanor. Marries to protect Englands last possession in France, Gascony

Succeeds as Duke of Gascony during his marriage to Eleanor

Louis the Strict cast the formal electoral declaration for Rudolf on behalf of the assembled princes.

The electors chose Rudolf of Habsburg, ending the era of rival and largely absent kings.

Sets sail from Dover for France

The Lincolnshire Rising begins at Louth in protest against religious change and royal commissioners.

The Florentine Inquisitor orders Galileo to appear before the Holy Office in Rome over the Dialogue.

Cromwell arrives outside Wexford with 7,000 foot & 2,000 horse

The Zemski Sobor votes to incorporate the Ukraine into Russia

Leads English action against New Amstel after the main surrender of New Netherland.

Peter marks the consecration of the new fortress and raises the naval flag.

Restored as Master-General of the Ordnance under George I.

After the Battle of Lobositz Prussia captures Saxony

The National cockade is said to have been trampled. Holds a party in Versailles to welcome the Flanders regiment

The National cockade is said to have been trampled. Holds a party in Versailles to welcome the Flanders regiment.

Armand Gensonne took his seat in the Legislative Assembly.

Takes his seat in the Legislative Assembly

Maximin Isnard took his seat in the Legislative Assembly.

Takes his seat in the Legislative Assembly

Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud took his seat in the Legislative Assembly.

Takes his seat in the Legislative Assembly

Louis XVI began relations with the new Legislative Assembly created by the Constitution of 1791.

Represents Russia at the Congress of Vienna and presses for a Russian-backed Kingdom of Poland.

The Russians defeat Persia & capture Erivan

The manifesto states that in order to ensure the welfare of India, the British must have a trustworthy ally on Indias western frontier. The Governor of General of India Lord Auckland issues the Simla Manifesto in October 1838, setting forth the necessary reasons for British intervention in Afghanistan. Lord Auckland decided on war, and on 1 October 1838 in Simla published a manifesto dethroning Dost Mahommed Khan

The manifesto states that in order to ensure the welfare of India, the British must have a trustworthy ally on Indias western frontier. The Governor of General of India Lord Auckland issues the Simla Manifesto in October 1838, setting forth the necessary reasons for British intervention in Afghanistan. Lord Auckland decided on war, and on 1 October 1838 in Simla published a manifesto dethroning Dost Mahommed Khan

The Great Western Railway opens its Birmingham station at Snow Hill.

Florida becomes the third state to secede from the Union

Florida becomes the third slave state to secede from the Union

Succeeds as King of Thailand

Mason Science College opens, becoming a foundation of the University of Birmingham.

Is called into the Bavarian State Ministry of the Interior, beginning a period of ministerial administrative work.

Japan implements the gold standard and defines the yen by a fixed gold content.

Ford introduces the Model T as a durable automobile intended for mass ownership.

Begins work as professor of theoretical physics at ETH Zurich.

Becomes Staatsrat and Ministerialdirektor, serving as a senior official and deputy to the Bavarian Interior Minister.

Falstaff receives its first performance at the Leeds Festival.

Elgar conducts the premiere of his symphonic study.

Haig continues pressure on the heights north of the Somme as autumn weather worsens.

Haig sustains attacks toward Le Transloy despite mud, rain and increasingly difficult supply conditions.

Enters Damascus after Arab and Allied forces take the city from the Ottoman Empire.

Forces under his command capture Damascus during the rapid pursuit.

Chauvel directs the rapid mounted pursuit that reaches Damascus during the final Allied advance.

Lenin writes to Sverdlov & Trotsky saying that international revolution is imminent & urges preparations for a 3 million man Army

The German military leadership presses the civilian government to seek an immediate peace settlement.

Senate rejects womens suffrage for a 3rd time

Ludendorf cables the Government to transmit a peace offer wihout further delay

Senate rejects womens suffrage for a 3rd time

After leading a Volkswehr battery in Augsburg, Jodl is accepted into the postwar Reichswehr.

The Imperial Conference allows Dominions to make treaties with foreign states

Appointed acting President of Chile after the resignation of Arturo Alessandri.

Resigns before completing the restored presidential term.

Breaks with the New Economic Policy & introduces 5 yr plans

From 1928 to 1991 the entire course of the economy was guided by a series of Five-Year Plans

The "Plan Era" of 5 year economic plans lasts from 1928-1939. Replaces the New Economic Policy with the 1st 5 Year Plan, the market is eliminated. Peasants are forced to join collectives or state farms. From 1928 to 1991 the entire course of the economy was guided by a series of Five-Year Plans. Detailed plans for food production are laid down by Gosplan

Appointed Instructor to the Infantry School in Dresden

The Passfield White Paper limits official Jewish immigration into Palestine. Issues the Passfield White Paper revising the Governments policy in Palestine, previously set by the Churchill White Paper of 1922

The Passfield White Paper states that the British intend to fulfill their mandate obligations to both Arabs and Jews, and they would resolve any conflicts that might surface as a result of their respective needs.

The Passfield White Paper states that the development of a Jewish National Home in Palestine is a consideration, which would enjoy continued support, but it was not central to mandate governance.

This record states: Issues the Passfield White Paper revising the Governments policy in Palestine, previously set by the Churchill White Paper of 1922.

This record states: The Passfield White Paper states that the British intend to fulfill their mandate obligations to both Arabs and Jews, and they would resolve any conflicts that might surface as a result of their respective needs.

This record states: The Passfield White Paper states that the development of a Jewish National Home in Palestine is a consideration, which would enjoy continued support, but it was not central to mandate governance.

Britain returns the leased territory of Weihaiwei to Nationalist China.

The Irish demand independence

The Irish demand independence

The Irish demand independence at the London Conference

Appointed Home Secretary

Appointed Adjutant General

Transferred into the air force, at that time a defensive force

Jodl is promoted to Lieutenant Colonel while serving in the Truppenamt.

Founds & leads new German Nationalist political Party in Czech

Includes 3 CEDA ministers in the Government

Austria introduces conscription

A military Junta in Salamanca proclaims Franco Generalisimo of "Nationalist" Spain

Appointed Generalisimo of "Nationalist" Spain

Austria introduces conscription, breaking the Treaty of St Germain

Appointed Commander Luftflotte 1, based in Berlin

German troops march into the Sudetenland, the promised plebiscite is never held. Czech loses 11,000 square miles of territory

German troops march into the Sudetenland, the promised plebiscite is never held. Czech loses 11,000 sqr miles of territory

Returns having failed to satisy Hitler who will invade the Sudetenland 1st Oct

Troops enter the Sudetenland, the day after Hitler has signed the Munich Agreement. German troops march into the Sudetenland, the promised plebiscite is never held

The most public critic of Neville Chamberlains appeasement policy inside the Cabinet, resigns over the Munich Agreement

Troops enter the Sudetenland, the day after Hitler has signed the Munich Agreement. German troops enter the Sudetenland, the day after the Munich Agreement

German troops march into the Sudetenland, the promised plebiscite is never held

The most public critic of Neville Chamberlains appeasement policy inside the Cabinet, resigns over the Munich Agreement

Signs the Munich Treaty and resigns

Returns having failed to satisy Hitler who will invade the Sudetenland 1st Oct

Brauchitsch supervised the German Army's entry into the first occupation zones of the Sudetenland.

Duff Cooper resigned from the Cabinet because he opposed the Munich settlement and Chamberlain's policy.

The most public critic of Neville Chamberlains appeasement policy inside the Cabinet, resigns over the Munich Agreement

Henlein accompanied the transfer of Sudeten territory and became a leading Nazi administrator in the annexed region.

German troops enter the Sudetenland, the day after the Munich Agreement

Churchill makes his 1st wartime broadcast, after the defeat of Poland

Germany and the Soviet Union completely overrun Poland, although the Polish Government never surrendered

Many of the exiles subsequently join the recreated Polish Army in allied France, French-mandated Syria, and the United Kingdom. Germany and the Soviet Union completely overrun Poland, although the Polish Government never surrendered

Germany and the Soviet Union completely overrun Poland, although the Polish Government never surrendered

Uses underground war rooms as the Blitz makes central London dangerous.

Becomes a United States citizen while retaining Swiss citizenship.

Leads the southern government as Allied forces enter Naples after the German withdrawal and local uprising.

British forces enter Naples

The Allies capture Naples

Reports the Rhone Valley, Toulon & Marsaille are tempting areas for Allied invasion

Hitler orders the defence of Italy south of Rome

Leads the 5th Army into Naples

Leads the Eighth Army into Naples

Elected Member of Parliament for Smethwick in a by-election after Labour's Alfred Dobbs was killed in a car accident one day after winning the seat at the 1945 general election

The Tribunal convicts Jodl of conspiracy, crimes against peace, war crimes and crimes against humanity.

Announces the verdicts of the Nuremberg Trials

Acquited at the Nuremberg war crimes trials

Sentenced to 15 yrs but released from Spandau prison in 1954. Found guilty of war crimes & crimes against humanity

Stands at the Forbidden City & proclaims, "The Chinese people have stood up". Proclaims the establishment of the Peoples Republic of China in Tiananmen Square

Mao Zedong proclaims the People’s Republic of China in Beijing while Chiang’s Nationalist government continues retreating south.

Russia gives immediate recognition to the Peoples Republic of China

Russia gives immediate recognition to the Peoples Republic of China

When the Cominform campaign against Yugoslavia severed the Yugoslav Communist party leadership, the government of the People's Republic of Bulgaria deleted the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance of Bled with all agreements, except the decision of pardon of war damages

1 October-24 November, the North Koreans are driven North as far as the Yalu River

Chou En-Lai says China will not countenance an imperialist invasion of north Korea

MacArthur asks the north Korean Commander in Chief to surrender, he refuses

South Korean & United Nations troops move North across the 38th parallel into North Korea

US forces cross the North Korean border

South Korean & United Nations troops move North across the 38th parallel into North Korea

Released from Spandau prison

Leads the new Agency during its first General Conference, held in Vienna from 1 to 23 October.

NASA begins operations, absorbing the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and becoming the civilian space agency.

Visits China for the 10th anniversary of the revolution

Criticised in the press for a visit to the US

Advocates policy of supporting science & technology for the future of Britain

Oswald pays his Hotel del Comercio account through the night of October 1 before departing the following morning.

Appointed President of Nigeria, 1st Republic

Zahir Shah promulgates a constitution establishing a constitutional monarchy, elected parliament, and expanded civil rights.

The Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Atomic Energy in Food and Agriculture is established.

Lin Biao praises Mao's line and attacks old culture, customs and habits

Buried at Greenwood Cemetery in Renton, Washington

Contributes to development and commercialization of the Intel 1103 DRAM chip

Leads Intel as the 1103 memory chip becomes a major product

Records material for Pearl shortly before her death

National Day celebrations are cancelled after the Lin Biao incident shocks the leadership

Healey develops a programme of higher taxation on the largest incomes before Labour returns to office.

Healey warns the Labour conference that wealthy taxpayers will face sharply increased marginal rates.

Releases Ralf und Florian, moving closer to Kraftwerk's later melodic electronic style.

Co-creates Ralf und Florian, blending pastoral melodies with studio electronics.

Healey warns that high earners will face sharply increased marginal taxation under a Labour government.

Appears on Radio-Activity soon after joining the group.

Adds electronic percussion to Radio-Activity during the classic line-up's early phase.

Releases Radio-Activity, linking radio transmission, nuclear imagery and electronic pop.

Uses electronics and voice processing on Radio-Activity.

Acting premiership continues under the Khmer Rouge state structure

Appointed President of Nigeria, 2nd Republic

Appointed manager of Leeds United

Appointed manager of Leeds United

Signs for Manchester Utd, for a British record transfer fee of œ1.5 million

al-Fayez participates in jerusalem policy connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.

Lauer submits the first science paper based on Hubble observations, studying the core of galaxy NGC 7457.

Leads the RPF invasion from Uganda into Rwanda.

The attack begins the Rwandan civil war.

The opposition leader becomes prime minister during negotiations over democratic transition.

Directs the Yugoslav military during operations around Dubrovnik.

Leads Croatia as Yugoslav forces attack the Dubrovnik region.

A federal jury at New York finds Sheik Omar Abdel Rahman and nine other militant Muslims guilty of conspiring to carry out a campaign of terrorist bombings and assassinations aimed at forcing Washington to abandon its support of Israel

A federal jury at New York finds Sheik Omar Abdel Rahman and nine other militant Muslims guilty of conspiring to carry out a campaign of terrorist bombings and assassinations aimed at forcing Washington to abandon its support of Israel

Is convicted in the United States of conspiring to conduct bombings and assassinations.

A federal jury at New York finds Sheik Omar Abdel Rahman and nine other militant Muslims guilty of conspiring to carry out a campaign of terrorist bombings and assassinations aimed at forcing Washington to abandon its support of Israel

Appointed manager of Leeds United

Balgimbayev leaves office as Prime Minister

Kassym-Jomart Tokayev becomes Prime Minister

Putin cuts ties with the elected Government of Chechnya

Keegan resigned as England coach after England lost to a Dietmar Hamann goal for Germany in their first World Cup qualifier in the last game to be played at Wembley Stadium before its demolition and reconstruction.

Blair in hospital to correct heart palpitations

Festus Gontebanye Mogae, who led Botswana from 1998 to 2008, is chosen as the winner of the 2008 Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership

Burnham expands winter accommodation, specialist support and provision across the city-region.

Marks the seventieth anniversary of the People's Republic of China.

BepiColombo completes its first Mercury flyby, beginning a sequence of six Mercury gravity assists before orbital arrival.

Ukrainian forces liberate Lyman in Donetsk Oblast.

Birth of Henry III, eldest son of King John and Isabella of Angouleme

Birth of Henry III, eldest son of King John and Isabella of Angouleme

Birth of Otto Furst von Bismarck

Birth of Walter Matthau

Birth of Jimmy Carter, Plains, Georgia

Abdur Rahman dies after creating a highly centralized Afghan state.

The International Military Tribunal finds Jodl guilty on all four counts and sentences him to death.

Death of Lena Zavaroni

The Holy League defeats the Ottomans, 1st major victory of the Christians against the Ottoman Empire

The Holy League defeats the Ottomans, 1st major victory of the Christians against the Ottoman Empire

Frederick the Great defeats an Austrian force under Marshal von Browne. After the Battle of Lobositz Prussia captures Saxony

Frederick the Great defeats an Austrian force under Marshal von Browne. A Prussian victory but too late to decide the war

Assists Suvarov by commanding the Desna in a victory against the Turks

Prevents Turkey from recapturing the Crimea after the Battle of Kinburn

Belgrano's Army of the North is defeated by royalist forces in Upper Peru

The Allies have advanced 8 miles & all the German defenses taken

Crowned Queen of England, the 2nd Queen since the Norman conquest

Mary is crowned Queen of England at Westminster Abbey