January 22 in History

Renounces all claims to the throne of England & returns to France

Joins the peace negotiations between England & France

Orders the execution of the Duke of Somerset

Death of Edward Seymour, executed

Edward's uncle and former Lord Protector is executed on Tower Hill after his conviction.

Appointed Lord Protector

Plans resistance in Devon against Mary's Spanish marriage.

Is named among conspirators expected to raise western support.

Prepares to raise support in the Midlands.

Is implicated in plans against Mary during the rebellion crisis.

Is suspected of involvement in the anti-Spanish marriage conspiracy.

Prepares the Kentish rising from his family base at Allington.

Attends the opening of Charles Is Parliament in Oxford

Charles summons a rival Parliament at Oxford after the Civil War has divided the kingdom.

Charles summons a rival Parliament at Oxford after the Civil War has divided the kingdom.

Appointed Lieutenant General of the Horse & Foot. Appointed 2nd-in-Command for Manchester

Appointed Lieutenant General of the Horse & Foot

Dissolves the First Protectorate Parliament after constitutional conflict

Cromwell dissolved the First Protectorate Parliament after disputes over constitutional authority.

The Convention Parliament first meets to resolve the throne and rights settlement

The Convention Parliament meets to determine the constitutional settlement following James II's departure.

The Convention Parliament assembled to determine the constitutional settlement.

Sydney Cove named in honour of Townshend, the settlement becomes known as Sydney

Joseph-Ignace Guillotin proposed the Guillotin as a "humane" method of execution to the Constituent Assembly.

Proposes the Guillotin as a "humane" method of execution to the Constituent Assembly

Proposes the Guillotin as a "humane" method of execution to the Constituent Assembly

France declares war on Britain to defend the gains of the revolution. France declares a war of European liberation

France declares war on Britain to defend the gains of the revolution. France declares a war of European liberation.

The French fleet escapes from Toulon and the British fleet loses contact.

The French fleet escapes Toulon and British forces temporarily lose contact during the subsequent pursuit.

Breaks the Treaty of Tilsit by capturing Oldenburg

Napoleon's capture of Oldenburg violates the Treaty of Tilsit

Napoleon's capture of Oldenburg violates the Treaty of Tilsit

Discovers and names Peter I Island during the Russian Antarctic expedition

Only Huskisson, Peel & the "Canningites" serve as Minister's in Wellingtons Cabinet

Fills a vacuum after refusal by Whig & Tory Party leaders to accept the office

Cuza forms a single government and parliament for the United Principalities.

Addresses a London meeting supporting Poland and links national liberation with wider democratic struggle.

Appointed President of Argentina after the resignation of Luis Saenz Pena

Succeeds as King of Great Britain. Proclaimed Emperor of India

Troops fire on workers marching to the Winter Palace.

Troops fire on demonstrators, helping spark the 1905 Revolution.

The Union of Liberation presents a petition to the Tsar

The Liberals win the election with 275 seats. The Government depends on 41 Labour & 71 Irish. Conservatves increase their seats from 116 to 273

Privately financed rail connection between Key West and mainland Florida, built by Henry Morrison Flagler, is completed

Churchills proposals to increase Naval expenditure split the cabinet

Churchills proposals to increase Naval expenditure split the cabinet

Antivari (Montenegro) occupied by Austrian forces

Assumes leadership of the temporary First Dail ministry after the revolutionary parliament is established.

Joins the temporary First Dail ministry with responsibility for Home Affairs.

Takes responsibility for finance in the temporary ministry formed by the First Dail.

Resigns after the Conservatives lose their majority at the general election

Appointed Foreign Minister

Appointed Prime Minister of Great Britain, 1st term

Resigns after the Conservatives lose their majority at the general election

Addresses government action and local authority responsibilities for slum clearance on Tyneside.

Answers questions about local authorities’ housing and improvement programmes.

Addresses health concerns associated with refuse dumps in London.

Addresses town-planning powers and policy in built-up areas.

Responds to Commons questions on tuberculosis and public-health administration.

Answers parliamentary questions concerning vaccination policy and administration.

The Reconstruction Finance Corporation begins lending to banks, railroads and other institutions.

Gains the support of Oscar von Hindenburg who agrees to appoint Hitler Chancellor

The British Army captures Tobruk

The British capture the port of Tobruk in Libya from the Italians

The British capture the port of Tobruk in Libya from the Italians

Agedabia is captured by the Germans

Agedabia is captured by the Germans

The Allied landings in Anzio begin

The Allies land in Anzio

Eva meets Colonel Juan Peron in Buenos Aires during a charity event at the Luna Park Stadium to benefit the victims of an earthquake in San Juan, the two are married the following year

Agrees with Churchill that journalists should not attend the conference sessions in Crimea.

Peking surrenders to the Communists

The Oscar Torp Government ends in Oslo, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Norway.

Begins the Third Einar Gerhardsen Government in Oslo and serves as Prime Minister of Norway.

Arif participates in constitutional reform connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.

Barnes reports that senior Kennedy administration officials generally endorse continuation of preparations.

The Elysee Treaty strengthened Franco-German consultation, reinforcing a partnership central to later Community development.

Inaugurated Prime Minister of Northern Rhodesia

Appointed Foreign Minister, 1st term

George Harrison organises a press conference to announce his marriage to Patty Boyd

Apollo 5 tests the lunar module in Earth orbit.

Delivers a State of the Union address emphasizing environment and domestic policy

Pompidou supported the treaties enabling Britain, Ireland, Denmark and Norway to seek membership of the European Communities.

Heads the German government when accession treaties are signed with Britain, Denmark, Ireland and Norway.

Heads the Italian government when accession treaties are signed with Britain, Denmark, Ireland and Norway.

Adds his signature for Denmark as part of the delegation concluding the accession treaty.

Signs Britain's accession treaty as Foreign Secretary alongside Edward Heath and Geoffrey Rippon.

Signs Britain's Treaty of Accession to the European Communities at the Brussels ceremony.

Signs Ireland's accession treaty alongside Taoiseach Jack Lynch.

Signs Denmark's Treaty of Accession and commits the government to European Communities membership.

Signs Ireland's Treaty of Accession to the European Communities in Brussels.

Signs Denmark's accession treaty as minister responsible for foreign economic relations.

Signs Britain's Treaty of Accession as the minister responsible for the European negotiations.

Signs the United States instrument of ratification for the Biological Weapons Convention.

Signs the United States instrument of ratification for the 1925 Geneva Protocol.

Tehrani resigns from the Regency Council after meeting Khomeini in France

Mitterrand and Helmut Kohl marked the Elysee Treaty's twentieth anniversary while strengthening cooperation on European integration.

Three men are convicted in connection with the assassination of Indira Gandhi.

Mobutu appoints economist Mabi Mulumba to head the government.

A Scud missile hit the Israeli city of Ramat Gan, after two coalition Patriots failed to intercept it. Three elderly people suffered fatal heart attacks, another 96 people were injured, and 20 apartment buildings were damaged.

After this attack, the Israelis warned that if the US failed to stop the attacks, they would.

At one point Israeli commandos boarded helicopters prepared to fly into Iraq but the mission was called off after a phone call from US Defence Secretary Dick Cheney

A Scud missile hit the Israeli city of Ramat Gan, after two coalition Patriots failed to intercept it. Three elderly people suffered fatal heart attacks, another 96 people were injured, and 20 apartment buildings were damaged.

After this attack, the Israelis warned that if the US failed to stop the attacks, they would.

At one point Israeli commandos boarded helicopters prepared to fly into Iraq but the mission was called off after a phone call from US Defence Secretary Dick Cheney

reporting on the extent of coalition efforts to destroy Scuds and emphasizing that Israeli intervention could endanger US forces

reporting on the extent of coalition efforts to destroy Scuds and emphasizing that Israeli intervention could endanger US forces

A Scud missile hit the Israeli city of Ramat Gan, after two coalition Patriots failed to intercept it. Three elderly people suffered fatal heart attacks, another 96 people were injured, and 20 apartment buildings were damaged.

After this attack, the Israelis warned that if the US failed to stop the attacks, they would.

At one point Israeli commandos boarded helicopters prepared to fly into Iraq but the mission was called off after a phone call from US Defence Secretary Dick Cheney

reporting on the extent of coalition efforts to destroy Scuds and emphasizing that Israeli intervention could endanger US forces

A Scud missile hit the Israeli city of Ramat Gan, after two coalition Patriots failed to intercept it. Three elderly people suffered fatal heart attacks, another 96 people were injured, and 20 apartment buildings were damaged.

After this attack, the Israelis warned that if the US failed to stop the attacks, they would.

At one point Israeli commandos boarded helicopters prepared to fly into Iraq but the mission was called off after a phone call from US Defence Secretary Dick Cheney

reporting on the extent of coalition efforts to destroy Scuds and emphasizing that Israeli intervention could endanger US forces

Addresses Commons questions concerning the Environment Business Forum.

Addresses Commons questions concerning European Regional Development Fund support.

Appointed President of Ecuador after the removal of Jamil Mahuad

Appointed Minister of Defence

Mugabe signs legislation expanding state powers over public meetings and political activity.

Rodriguez Veltze transfers presidential authority to Evo Morales after the 2005 election.

Morales is inaugurated as President of Bolivia.

G. Madhavan Nair leads ISRO as the Space Capsule Recovery Experiment is recovered after demonstrating re-entry and thermal-protection technologies.

In response to the plunge in markets around the world, the Federal Reserve bank cuts interest rates by .75%, the largest single-day reduction in the bank's history

The Federal Reserve cuts its target rate after sharp declines in international markets.

In response to the plunge in markets around the world, the Federal Reserve bank cuts interest rates by .75%, the largest single-day reduction in the bank's history

The Awami League wins a landslide victory in the countrys 481 upazilas (subdistricts), 3 people are killed, 150 injured and voter intimidation is rife

The Awami League wins a landslide victory in the countrys 481 upazilas (subdistricts), 3 people are killed, 150 injured and voter intimidation is rife

Appointed as a special envoy to the Middle East, working under President Barack Obama and Secretary of State Hillary Clinton

Uses the World Economic Forum to promote investment and renew calls for peace in Donbas.

Parliament elects Sakellaropoulou as Greece's first female head of state.

The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons enters into force.

Birth of Ivan III the Great

Birth of Francis Bacon at York House near the Strand

Birth of John Fremont

Birth of Horace Wells, discoverer of "laughing gas"

Birth of Beatrice Potter Webb

Birth of Bruno Kreisky

Birth of Alf Ramsey

Birth of Malcolm McLaren

Birth of Nigel Benn

Death of Edward Seymour, executed

Death of Jahan

Death of Victoria, at Osborne House, longest & oldest British monarch

Responds to questions about a patient death at Hackney Hospital.

Death of Lyndon B Johnson

Death of Heath Ledger

Dies in New York before the release of The Dark Knight

The Danes defeat Aethelred and Alfred at Basing during the hard winter campaign against Wessex.

Defeats the Welsh at Conway, the Welsh suffer their largest losses in a single day

Defeated by the Earl of Warwick, the Welsh suffer their largest losses in a single day

Defeats the Marmelukes & marches into Cairo

The British capture the port of Tobruk in Libya from the Italians

Lands behind the German lines at Anzio, code named Operation Shingle

Crowned at Westminster Abbey